Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn about the pronunciation and spelling of the Dutch sounds 'ij' and 'ei'. This lesson explains how these diphthongs sound identical yet differ in writing, illustrated with examples like 'ijs', 'blijven', 'prijs' and 'trein', 'klein', 'geheim'. Perfect for beginners aiming to master this common Dutch pronunciation challenge.
  1. The sounds 'ij' and 'ei' sound the same.
  2. 'ij' is called 'een lange ij'.
  3. 'ei' is called 'een korte ei'.
Klank (Sound)Voorbeelden (Examples)
ijijs, blijven, prijs, grijs, konijn, verschrikkelijk, vreselijk (ice cream, to stay, prize, grey, rabbit, terrible, awful)
eitrein, klein, geheim, pleister, geit,  (train, small, secret, plaster, goat)

Exceptions!

  1. In words ending with '-lijk', 'ij' is pronounced differently.

Exercise 1: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ik ______ elke dag met de hond in het park.

(I ______ the dog every day in the park.)

2. De kat ______ rustig zitten op de stoel.

(The cat ______ calmly sitting on the chair.)

3. Mijn schildpad beweegt ______ over de vloer.

(My turtle moves ______ across the floor.)

4. Het konijn ______ vrolijk in de tuin.

(The rabbit ______ happily in the garden.)

5. Ik ______ goed voor mijn vogel en geef hem vers water.

(I ______ good care of my bird and give him fresh water.)

6. De muis ______ snel terug naar zijn hok als hij bang is.

(The mouse ______ quickly back to his cage when he is scared.)

Pronunciation of 'ij' and 'ei' in Dutch

This lesson focuses on the pronunciation and spelling of the Dutch sounds represented by the letter combinations "ij" and "ei". Although these two sounds are pronounced the same in Dutch, they differ in spelling and usage, making it important for learners to recognize and master both.

Identifying the Sounds

The "ij" is often called the "long ij" sound, while the "ei" is referred to as the "short ei" sound, yet they sound identical when spoken. Examples of words with "ij" include ijs (ice), blijven (to stay), and prijs (price). Words with "ei" are trein (train), klein (small), and geheim (secret).

Written Examples and Usage

Spelling differs between these sounds despite their identical pronunciation. For example, ijs contains "ij", while trein contains "ei". Pay special attention to words ending with "-lijk", where "ij" is pronounced differently.

Important Notes for Learners

  • Both "ij" and "ei" form a diphthong that may be unfamiliar to English speakers.
  • Spelling mastery is crucial since the pronunciation does not help distinguish between "ij" and "ei".
  • Examples to practice include grijs (grey), konijn (rabbit), and geit (goat).

Comparison with English

English speakers might find these sounds similar to the "ay" in "day," but Dutch diphthongs are distinct and tied closely to spelling patterns. The "ij" sound has no exact English equivalent, sometimes approximated by "eye," while "ei" is closer to "ay." Unlike English, where spelling often guides pronunciation, in Dutch these two letter combinations sound the same, making spelling more challenging.

Useful Dutch phrases with these sounds include:
"Het konijn springt vrolijk." (The rabbit jumps happily.)
"De trein komt straks aan." (The train arrives soon.)

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 20/03/2025 15:37