Injuries and pains

Introduction to Injuries and Pains in Bulgarian

This lesson focuses on vocabulary and expressions related to injuries and pains, suitable for B1 learners aiming to communicate symptoms and seek help effectively in Bulgarian. Understanding how to describe different pains and injuries is essential for daily life, especially when visiting a doctor or explaining a health issue.

Key Vocabulary

In this lesson, you will learn important Bulgarian words such as болка (pain), рана (wound), натъртване (bruise), and преохлаждане (hypothermia). For example, Имам силна болка в стомаха means “I have a strong stomach pain.”

Expressing Different Types of Pain

You will practice adjectives and phrases to specify the type of pain, such as остра болка (sharp pain), тъпа болка (dull pain), and пулсираща болка (throbbing pain). These nuances help in precisely describing symptoms.

Describing Injuries and Their Severity

Learn phrases like Порязах се на ръката (“I cut my hand”) or Получих натъртване на крака (“I got a bruise on my leg”). The lesson also introduces useful verbs such as протривам (to sprain) and изгарям (to burn).

Useful Phrases for Medical Situations

Prepare to communicate effectively by learning questions like Къде ви боли най-много? (“Where does it hurt the most?”) and statements like Имам алергия към това лекарство (“I am allergic to this medicine”).

Differences Between English and Bulgarian Expressions

Unlike English, Bulgarian describes pain often using the verb боли (literally “it hurts”), which is impersonal. For example, instead of saying “My head hurts,” in Bulgarian you say Боли ме глава, which literally translates to “Hurt me head.” Also, the definite article in Bulgarian is a suffix, so болка becomes болката to say “the pain.” This grammatical structure differs significantly from English.

Practice phrases include:

• Боли ме гърба. – My back hurts.
• Имам рана на коляното. – I have a wound on my knee.
• Трябва да отидете на лекар. – You should go to a doctor.