Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn the basics of Dutch definite and indefinite articles: 'de', 'het', and 'een'. This lesson explains when to use each article with examples and key rules, essential for forming correct sentences at A1 level.
  1. The article comes before the noun.
  2. Articles can be definite (de, het) or indefinite (een).
 WoordsoortLidwoord
Enkelvoud (Singular)De-woorden

De

De tafel (The table)

Het-woorden

Het

Het huis (The house)

Meervoud (Plural)Alle woorden (All words)

De

De huizen (The houses)

Onbepaald (Indefinite)De-woorden

Een

Een tafel (A table)

Het-woorden

Een

Een huis (A house)

Exceptions!

  1. You use 'de' for people, animals, and most things, such as de jongen, de hond, de tafel.
  2. You use 'het' with diminutives and words starting with 'ge-', such as het huisje, het meisje, het geluid.
  3. Some words you just have to learn, such as 'het boek' and 'de zon'.

Exercise 1: Bepaalde en onbepaalde lidwoorden (de, het, een)

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

de, het, een

1.
Ik koop ... nieuwe fiets.
(I am buying a new bike.)
2.
Hij leest ... boek op de tafel.
(He reads the book on the table.)
3.
We zitten in ... tuin.
(We are sitting in the garden.)
4.
Jij koopt ... appel in de supermarkt.
(You buy an apple in the supermarket.)
5.
Ik bestel ... menu van de dag.
(I order the menu of the day.)
6.
Mijn vader heeft ... auto gewassen.
(My father has washed the car.)
7.
Wij drinken ... glas rode wijn.
(We are drinking a glass of red wine.)
8.
Zij heeft ... kleine huisje gekocht.
(She has bought the small house.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ik woon in ___ stad Amsterdam.

(I live in ___ city of Amsterdam.)

2. Hij heeft ___ huis in Rotterdam.

(He has ___ house in Rotterdam.)

3. Zij leest ___ boek over Nederland.

(She reads ___ book about the Netherlands.)

4. De man woont in ___ klein huisje.

(The man lives in ___ small house.)

5. Ik zie ___ jongen op straat.

(I see ___ boy on the street.)

6. We drinken koffie in ___ café.

(We drink coffee in ___ café.)

Definite and Indefinite Articles in Dutch: "de", "het", and "een"

This lesson introduces you to the basic use of Dutch articles, focusing on definite articles "de" and "het", and the indefinite article "een". Understanding these is essential for forming correct and natural sentences at the A1 level.

Definite Articles: "de" and "het"

Definite articles correspond to specific or known nouns. In Dutch, "de" is used for plural nouns and most singular nouns called "de-words", such as de tafel (the table) and de jongen (the boy). "Het" is used for singular "het-words", often neuter nouns like het huis (the house) or diminutives like het meisje (the girl).

Indefinite Article: "een"

The indefinite article "een" is used with both "de" and "het" words to indicate an unknown or nonspecific object, such as een tafel (a table) or een huis (a house).

Key Points to Remember

  • Articles always come before the noun (het boek - the book).
  • "De" is common for people, animals, and many things.
  • "Het" is often for diminutives and words starting with "ge-" (e.g., het geluid - the sound).
  • Some words must be memorized as exceptions (e.g., het boek, de zon).

Differences with English

Unlike English, which uses just "the" and "a/an", Dutch distinguishes gender and number in its articles. The distinction between "de" and "het" does not directly translate, so learning which nouns use which article is important. Also, the definite article changes with plural nouns (de huizen - the houses) but the indefinite article does not have a plural form in Dutch.

Useful phrases:
De auto = The car
Een hond = A dog
Het meisje = The girl
Een huis = A house

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 26/06/2025 17:30