Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn about the three degrees of comparison in Dutch adjectives: positive, comparative, and superlative forms. This lesson explains how to form these degrees, including irregular examples like 'goed, beter, best' with practical examples and usage tips.
  1. The positive degree is the ordinary adjective.
  2. You use the comparative form to make a comparison.
  3. There is an article before the superlative.
Trap (Degree)Uitgang (Ending)Voorbeelden (Examples)
Stellende trap (Positive degree)-groot, mooi, dik, klein, lief
Vergrotende trap (Comparative degree)-ergroter, mooier, dikker, kleiner, liever
Overtreffende trap (Superlative)het/de -st(e)het grootst, het mooist, het dikst, het kleinst, het liefst

Exceptions!

  1. The comparative uses 'dan': 'Dit huis is kleiner dan dat huis'.
  2. Irregular forms: goed → beter → best, veel → meer → meest, graag → liever → liefst, weinig → minder → minst.

Exercise 1: Trappen van vergelijking

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

zachter, liefste, zuurste, zoetst, luider, beter, minst, zouter

1. Zout:
De soep is ... geworden nadat ik zout heb toegevoegd.
(The soup has become saltier after I added salt.)
2. Zacht:
Mijn kussen is ... dan dat van jou.
(My pillow is softer than yours.)
3. Zuur:
De citroen is het ... fruit.
(The lemon is the most sour fruit.)
4. Graag:
Ik eet het ... zoete snoepjes.
(I like to eat sweet sweets the most.)
5. Luid:
Kan je wat ... spreken? Ik hoor je niet goed.
(Can you speak a bit louder? I can't hear you properly.)
6. Weinig:
In het donker kan ik het ... zien.
(In the dark, I can see the least.)
7. Goed:
Verse bloemen ruiken ... dan oude bloemen.
(Fresh flowers smell better than old flowers.)
8. Zoet:
Dit snoepje is het ....
(This sweet is the sweetest.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Dit huis is ______ dan dat huis.

(This house is ______ than that house.)

2. De appel is ______ dan de peer.

(The apple is ______ than the pear.)

3. Dat is ______ schilderij van het museum.

(That is ______ painting in the museum.)

4. Deze geur is ______ sterk dan die van gisteren.

(This scent is ______ strong than yesterday's.)

5. Ik luister ______ naar klassieke muziek dan naar rockmuziek.

(I prefer ______ listening to classical music than to rock music.)

6. Dit is ______ hotel in de buurt.

(This is ______ hotel in the area.)

Understanding the Degrees of Comparison in Dutch Adjectives

In this lesson, you will learn how Dutch adjectives change to express different degrees of comparison. These are known as "Trappen van vergelijking" and include three main forms: the positive (stellende trap), the comparative (vergrotende trap), and the superlative (overtreffende trap).

Positive Degree (Stellende Trap)

The positive form is the basic adjective without any modification, such as groot (big), mooi (beautiful), and lief (sweet).

Comparative Degree (Vergrotende Trap)

This form is used to compare two things, usually by adding the suffix -er to the adjective, like groter (bigger) and mooier (more beautiful). It typically comes with the word dan (than) to form comparisons, for example, "Dit huis is kleiner dan dat huis." (This house is smaller than that house.)

Superlative Degree (Overtreffende Trap)

The superlative indicates the highest degree among three or more things. It usually includes the definite article het or de and the suffix -st(e), as in het grootst (the biggest) or het mooist (the most beautiful).

Irregular Forms

Be aware of some common irregular adjectives with their comparative and superlative forms: goed → beter → best (good → better → best), veel → meer → meest (much/many → more → most), and graag → liever → liefst (gladly/like → prefer → most preferably).

Additional Notes on Usage and Differences

Unlike English, where many adjectives form the comparative and superlative by adding -er and -est or using “more” and “most,” Dutch often relies on suffix changes and the definite article for superlatives. Also, Dutch comparisons always use dan to mean "than," similar to English.

Useful Dutch words and phrases:

  • dan - than
  • het/de - the (definite articles used with superlative)
  • groot, groter, het grootst - big, bigger, biggest
  • mooi, mooier, het mooist - beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 29/05/2025 16:34