Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

This lesson introduces the concept of grammatical gender in French nouns, highlighting general rules and specific patterns for masculine and feminine forms. Students learn about article usage with vowel-starting nouns and understand key differences from English. Examples include professions like 'avocat/avocate' and 'boulanger/boulangère'. Suitable for A1 level learners, it provides a clear summary to support language acquisition.
  1. In French, there is no neutral gender.
Règle (Rule)Masculin (Masculine)Féminin (Feminine)
Générale+ -eUn / L' avocat (A / The lawyer)Une / L' avocate
-En-enneUn / Le comédienUne / La comédienne
-Er-èreUn / Le boulanger (A / The baker)Une / La boulangère
-Un / Le médecinUne / La médecin

Exceptions!

  1. L' is used before a noun starting with a vowel or a silent h, regardless of the gender of the noun.
  2. Some nouns have completely different forms in the masculine and the feminine: un acteur, une actrice.
  3. Some nouns that refer to people do not change; only the article indicates the gender: un/une journaliste.

Exercise 1: Les noms et leur genre

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

camionneur, ouvriers, secrétaire, avocat, professeur, avocate, médecin, boulanger

1. Boulanger/Boulangère :
Un ... prépare du pain tous les jours.
(A baker prepares bread every day.)
2.
Elle est ... dans une grande entreprise.
(She is a secretary in a large company.)
3. Camionneuse/Camionneur:
Le ... conduit un grand camion.
(The truck driver drives a large lorry.)
4. Ouvriers/Ouvrières :
J'ai un frère et une sœur qui sont ....
(I have a brother and a sister who are labourers.)
5. Avocat/Avocate:
Mon père est ....
(My father is a lawyer.)
6. Professeur/Professeure :
Il est ... de français.
(He is a French teacher.)
7.
Une ... travaille à l'hôpital.
(A doctor works at the hospital.)
8. Avocat/Avocate :
Elle est ... dans une entreprise.
(She is a lawyer in a company.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. L'avocat ____ dans un tribunal.

(The lawyer ____ in a courthouse.)

2. Elle est une ____ très compétente.

(She is a ____ very competent.)

3. Nous ____ le français à l'université.

(We ____ French at the university.)

4. Le boulanger ____ du pain frais chaque matin.

(The baker ____ fresh bread every morning.)

5. La secrétaire ____ dans un bureau.

(The secretary ____ in an office.)

6. Je suis ____ en médecine.

(I am ____ in medicine.)

Understanding French Nouns and Their Genders

In French, every noun has a gender: masculine or feminine. Unlike English, French does not have a neutral gender. This lesson covers basic rules to recognize and use masculine and feminine forms of nouns correctly in everyday language.

General Gender Rule

Typically, you can form the feminine of a masculine noun by adding an -e. For example, un avocat (a male lawyer) becomes une avocate (a female lawyer). This rule applies widely and is a good starting point for beginners.

Specific Endings and Their Feminine Forms

Some nouns have more specific changes:

  • Masculine ending -en changes to feminine -enne: un comédienune comédienne.
  • Masculine ending -er changes to feminine -ère: un boulangerune boulangère.

However, some nouns are the same for both genders, and only the article changes: un médecin (male doctor) and une médecin (female doctor).

Article Usage

The article l' is used before a noun starting with a vowel or a silent h, regardless of the noun's gender. Examples include l'avocat and l'avocate.

Key Differences from English

English does not assign gender to most nouns, except for some personal nouns like "actor" (male) and "actress" (female). French requires learning the gender as well as the noun form. Knowing the gender is essential because it affects articles, adjectives, and pronouns.

Useful Words and Phrases

  • Un avocat / Une avocate – a lawyer (masculine/feminine)
  • Un comédien / Une comédienne – an actor/actress
  • Un boulanger / Une boulangère – a baker (male/female)
  • Un médecin / Une médecin – a doctor (both genders same)

This lesson is designed for A1 learners to build a foundation in recognizing noun genders, which helps with pronunciation, comprehension, and conversation.

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Calcagni

Languages for communication in international enterprises and organizations

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 29/05/2025 16:06