Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn to use French time prepositions "en", "à", "avant", and "après" to express months, exact times, and event sequences naturally. This lesson covers examples like "en juillet" (in July) and "à midi" (at noon), plus tips on avoiding common mistakes such as confusing "à" with the verb form "a." Beneficial for A1-level learners wanting to express temporal ideas clearly.
  1. En is used for months and seasons.
  2. "À" is used for exact hours.
  3. We use "avant" and "après" to indicate an order in time.
Préposition (Preposition)Exemple (Example)
En (In)Nous partons en juillet. (We leave in July.)
À (At)Rendez-vous à midi. (Appointment at noon.)
Avant (Before)Nous partons avant l'école. (We leave before school.)
Après (After)Je me couche après le film. (I go to bed after the film.)

Exceptions!

  1. Attention, do not confuse à (preposition) and a (3rd person singular of the verb avoir in the present).

Exercise 1: Les prépositions de temps: "En, À, Avant, Après"

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

après, avant, en, à

1.
Je rentre ... qu'il pleuve.
(I'm coming back before it rains.)
2.
Elles rentrent ... minuit.
(They come back at midnight.)
3.
Il pleut souvent ... hiver.
(It often rains in winter.)
4.
Il neige souvent ... janvier.
(It often snows in January.)
5.
Nous célébrons ton anniversaire ... mars.
(We celebrate your birthday in March.)
6.
Je mange ... vingt heures.
(I eat at eight o'clock.)
7.
J'étudies ... le repas pour réviser.
(I study after the meal to revise.)
8.
Le temps change ... automne.
(The weather changes in autumn.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Je vais à la plage ___ juillet parce qu'il fait chaud.

(I go to the beach ___ July because it is hot.)

2. Le rendez-vous est ___ midi, ne sois pas en retard.

(The appointment is ___ noon, don't be late.)

3. Nous partons ___ la tempête pour éviter la pluie.

(We leave ___ the storm to avoid the rain.)

4. Je me couche ___ avoir regardé l'orage par la fenêtre.

(I go to bed ___ watching the thunderstorm through the window.)

5. Il fait beau ___ été, avec beaucoup de soleil et peu de nuages.

(The weather is nice ___ summer, with lots of sun and few clouds.)

6. Le brouillard arrive ___ midi, alors sois prudent sur la route.

(The fog arrives ___ noon, so be careful on the road.)

Time Prepositions in French: "En, À, Avant, Après"

This lesson focuses on four essential French prepositions to express time: en, à, avant, and après. They help you specify moments such as months, seasons, specific hours, and sequences of events.

Using "En" and "À"

En is primarily used with months and seasons, for example, "Nous partons en juillet." meaning "We leave in July." It indicates a general time period.

À is used to mark exact times, like hours. For instance, "Rendez-vous à midi." means "Meeting at noon." This helps specify a precise moment in time.

Expressing Order with "Avant" and "Après"

Avant and Après both show order or sequence relative to an event or time. "Nous partons avant l'école." means "We leave before the school starts." Similarly, "Je me couche après le film." translates as "I go to bed after the movie." These prepositions help clarify the temporal relationship between events.

Important Notes

  • Do not confuse the preposition à with a, which is a form of the verb "avoir" (to have) in the present tense.
  • Prepositions are key to building clear and natural sentences when talking about time in French.

Comparison with English

In English, prepositions like "in" and "at" serve similar roles but don't always match one-to-one with French. For example, "en juillet" corresponds to "in July" but French uses "à" where English uses "at" to indicate exact times. Also, English uses "before" and "after" similar to French avant and après. Understanding these subtle differences ensures more accurate and natural French usage.

Useful phrases to remember include:

  • en juillet - in July
  • à midi - at noon
  • avant l'école - before school
  • après le film - after the movie

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Calcagni

Languages for communication in international enterprises and organizations

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Monday, 07/07/2025 12:25