Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn essential French prepositions of place such as à, dans, sur, sous, en, and de to describe locations accurately. This lesson explains their usage with examples and highlights key differences from English. Mastering these prepositions will help you communicate spatial relationships clearly in French.
  1. Prepositions always precede either a complement or an infinitive verb.
PrépositionExemples
À Il est à la maison.  (He is at home.)
EnIl vit en Autriche.  (He lives in Austria.)
DansLe chat est dans le salon.
DeIl rentre de Suisse.  (He is coming back from Switzerland.)
SurLa lampe est sur le bureau.
SousLe tapis est sous la table.
IciJe vis ici depuis dix ans.  (I have lived here for ten years.)
Là / là-basOù est mon livre ? Je l'ai posé . (Where is my book? I put it there.)

Exercise 1: Les prépositions de lieu: "À", "Dans", "Sur", "Sous", etc...

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

en, ici, sur, dans, à, sous, de

1. Dans :
Nous mangeons ... ville.
(We eat in the town.)
2. Au sein de :
La lampe est ... la maison, dans la chambre.
(The lamp is at the house, in the bedroom.)
3. Provenance :
Nous allons revoir notre cousin qui rentre ... Belgique.
(We are going to see our cousin who is coming back from Belgium.)
4. Dans :
J'aime voyager. Je vais souvent ... Italie.
(I like to travel. I often go to Italy.)
5. Au dessus :
Le livre est ... la table dans le salon.
(The book is on the table in the living room.)
6. Là :
Le panier du chien est ....
(The dog's basket is here.)
7. En bas :
Le tapis est ... la table de la salle à manger.
(The rug is under the dining room table.)
8. A l'intérieur :
Les clés sont ... le placard de l'entrée.
(The keys are in the hall cupboard.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. La lampe est ___ la table dans le salon.

(The lamp is ___ the table in the living room.)

2. Le canapé est ___ côté de la porte.

(The sofa is ___ next to the door.)

3. Le tapis est ___ la table basse.

(The rug is ___ the coffee table.)

4. L’armoire est ___ la chambre, près du lit.

(The wardrobe is ___ the bedroom, near the bed.)

5. Je pose le livre ___ le bureau ici.

(I put the book ___ the desk here.)

6. La chaise est ___ la table et le canapé.

(The chair is ___ the table and the sofa.)

Overview of French Prepositions of Place

This lesson introduces common French prepositions of place, essential tools to describe the location or position of people and objects. You will learn how to use prepositions such as à, dans, sur, sous, en, de, as well as demonstrative adverbs like ici and . These words help you specify exactly where something is in relation to something else, a fundamental skill for clear communication.

Key Prepositions Covered

  • À: indicating presence at a location (e.g., Il est à la maison.)
  • Dans: inside or within (e.g., Le chat est dans le salon.)
  • Sur: on top of (e.g., La lampe est sur le bureau.)
  • Sous: under or below (e.g., Le tapis est sous la table.)
  • En and De: often used with countries or regions (e.g., Il vit en Autriche, Il rentre de Suisse.)
  • Ici, / Là-bas: indicating here or there locations.

Usage and Grammar Details

In French, prepositions typically precede a noun or a verb in the infinitive form, structuring phrases to clarify spatial relationships. For example, La lampe est sur la table shows the lamp’s position resting on the table. Understanding this will allow you to communicate locations accurately and naturally.

Differences Between English and French Prepositions of Place

Unlike English, where prepositions like "at" and "in" are often used interchangeably in casual speech, French distinguishes them more precisely. For instance, à often means "at" or "to" but cannot replace dans, which specifically means "inside." Also, expressions like "here" and "there" translate to ici and respectively, and are used similarly but with subtle nuances in place emphasis.

Useful phrases to remember include: Je suis à la maison (I am at home), Le chat est dans la chambre (The cat is in the bedroom), and Le livre est sur la table (The book is on the table).

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Donia Ben Salem

Applied Foreign Languages

Université de Lorraine

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Last Updated:

Monday, 07/07/2025 17:24