This lesson covers passive sentences in Dutch, focusing on verb forms with hulpwerkwoord 'worden' or 'zijn' plus a voltooid deelwoord, e.g., 'Het videogesprek wordt gestart' and 'Het gesprek is gestart.'
- A passive sentence often has no subject.
- A passive sentence always contains a form of the auxiliary verb worden or zijn and a past participle.
- In a passive sentence, the acting person is indicated with 'door', which can usually be omitted.
Werkwoordstijd (Verb tense) | Actief (active) | Passief (Passive) |
---|---|---|
onvoltooid tegenwoordige tijd (present simple tense) | Jan start het videogesprek. (Jan starts the video call.) | Het videogesprek wordt gestart (door Jan). (The video call is started (by Jan).) |
onvoltooid verleden tijd (imperfect tense) | Hij gebruikte zijn computer nauwelijks. (He hardly used his computer.) | Zijn computer werd nauwelijks gebruikt (door hem). (His computer was hardly used (by him).) |
voltooid tegenwoordige tijd (present perfect tense) | Anna heeft het videogesprek afgebroken. (Anna has ended the video call.) | Het videogesprek is afgebroken (door Anna). (The video call has been disconnected (by Anna).) |
voltooid verleden tijd (past perfect tense) | Ik had het gesprek gestart. (I had started the conversation.) | Het gesprek was gestart (door mij). (The conversation was started (by me).) |
Exercise 1: Passieve zinnen
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
is, werd, wordt, was
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct passive sentence. Pay attention to whether the sentence has the correct passive form with auxiliary verb 'worden' or 'zijn' and a past participle, and whether the sentence is grammatically correct.