This lesson covers Dutch question pronouns like wie (who), wat (what), and welk(e) (which). Learn to distinguish their use when asking about people, things, or choices, including examples such as 'Wie gaat naar het postkantoor?' and 'Welk e-mailadres heb je gebruikt?'.
  1. Which do you use for choices between two or more things.
  2. 'Wat' is used for animals, things or actions.
  3. 'Wie' is used for one or more persons.
 Voornaamwoord (Pronoun)Voorbeeld (Example)
Bijvoeglijk en zelfstandig gebruik (Attributive and predicative use)welk(e)Welk e-mailadres heb je gebruikt? (Which email address did you use?)
wat voor (een)Wat voor pakket is dit? (What kind of parcel is this?)
Zelfstandig gebruik (Independent use)wieWie gaat naar het postkantoor? (Who is going to the post office?)
watWat staat er in de brief? (What is written in the letter?)

 

Exceptions!

  1. Which do you use for het-woorden.
  2. Which do you use for de-words.

Exercise 1: Vragende voornaamwoorden (wie, wat, welk(e))

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Wat, Wie, Welk, wat, Welke

1.
... pakket moet ik naar het postkantoor brengen?
(Welk pakket moet ik naar het postkantoor brengen?)
2.
... staat er in die brief van de verzender?
(Wat staat er in die brief van de verzender?)
3.
... is er precies verstuurd in dat bericht?
(Wat is er precies verstuurd in dat bericht?)
4.
... postzegel hoort bij deze brief?
(Welke postzegel hoort bij deze brief?)
5.
Ik weet niet ... ik moet antwoorden op die e-mail.
(Ik weet niet wat ik moet antwoorden op die e-mail.)
6.
... is de ontvanger van dit pakket?
(Wie is de ontvanger van dit pakket?)
7.
... heeft deze e-mail gisteren ontvangen?
(Wie heeft deze e-mail gisteren ontvangen?)
8.
... brief moet ik eerst beantwoorden?
(Welke brief moet ik eerst beantwoorden?)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence where the interrogative pronoun is used correctly. Pay attention to whether it refers to people, things, or choices, and follow the rules for 'wie', 'wat', and 'welk(e)'.

1.
'Welk' is incorrect because it is used for choices between things, not for people.
'Wat' is incorrect because we are asking about a person, not a thing or an action.
2.
'Wat' is incorrect because this concerns a choice between items, not an indefinite thing or action.
'Wie' is incorrect because we are not referring to a person.
3.
'Wie' is incorrect because we are not asking about people.
'Welk' is incorrect because there is no choice between multiple things in this context.
4.
'Welk' is incorrect because 'afdeling' is a common gender noun, so you use 'welke'.
'Wat' is incorrect because here we are asking about a specific choice (department), not about a thing or action.

Interrogative Pronouns in Dutch: Wie, Wat, and Welk(e)

This lesson covers the essential Dutch interrogative pronouns wie, wat, and welk(e). These are used to ask questions about people, things, and choices and are fundamental in everyday Dutch conversations at an A2 level.

Using Welk(e) for Choices

The pronoun welk(e) is used to refer to choices among two or more items. It is important to match welk or welke with the grammatical gender of the noun it describes:

  • Welk is used with het-words (neuter gender), e.g., Welk e-mailadres heb je gebruikt? (Which email address did you use?)
  • Welke is used with de-words (common gender) and plural nouns, e.g., Welke afdeling is verantwoordelijk? (Which department is responsible?)

Using Wat and Wie

  • Wat is used for animals, things, or actions when asking questions, e.g., Wat staat er in de brief? (What is written in the letter?)
  • Wie is used for one or more persons, e.g., Wie gaat naar het postkantoor? (Who is going to the post office?)

Adjective and Pronoun Usage

Welk(e) can be used as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., Welk pakket is dit?) or as a pronoun replacing the noun (less common in these examples).

Key Points to Remember

  • Wie = who (persons only)
  • Wat = what (things, actions, animals)
  • Welk(e) = which (choices, matched by noun gender)

Differences and Practical Notes

Unlike English, Dutch distinguishes gender and number in the interrogative pronoun welk(e), which requires attention to the noun it refers to. Also, wat is broader than the English “what,” as it is not used for persons, where wie is the appropriate choice. Remember that wie can be singular or plural in Dutch.

Useful phrases:

  • Wie is er thuis? (Who is at home?)
  • Wat voor boeken lees je? (What kind of books do you read?)
  • Welk(e) optie kies je? (Which option do you choose?)

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Monday, 01/12/2025 17:30