Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to use Dutch demonstrative pronouns deze, die, dit, and dat. This lesson explains their agreement with noun gender and number, usage for near and far objects, special cases like diminutives and plurals, and provides practical examples to help you master pointing out objects accurately in Dutch.
  1. Use 'deze' and 'dit' for things that are close by, and 'die' and 'dat' for things that are further away.
  2. The demonstrative pronoun agrees with the gender and article of the word.
 de-woordhet-woord
Dichtbij (nearby)dezedit
Veraf (far away)diedat

Exceptions!

  1. Diminutives always have the article 'het' and therefore always use 'dit' or 'dat'.
  2. Plurals always have the article 'de' and therefore always use 'deze' or 'die'.

Exercise 1: Aanwijzende voornaamwoorden (deze, die, dit, dat)

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Die, Deze, Dat

1.
... oude boom groeit krom door de wind.
(The old tree grows crooked because of the wind.)
2.
... schilderij heeft een rechte lijn in het midden.
(That painting has a straight line in the middle.)
3.
... huis is hoog.
(That house is tall.)
4.
... tafels zijn breed.
(These tables are wide.)
5.
... straat is erg smal, alleen fietsen kunnen erdoor.
(This street is very narrow, only bicycles can go through it.)
6.
... doos is erg zwaar.
(The box is very heavy.)
7.
... vlag heeft de vorm van een driehoek.
(This flag has the shape of a triangle.)
8.
... tafel heeft de vorm van een rechthoek.
(The board has the shape of a rectangle.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. ___ cirkel is rood en die cirkel is blauw.

(___ circle is red and that circle is blue.)

2. ___ vierkant ligt dichtbij, maar dat vierkant ligt verder weg.

(___ square is nearby, but that square is farther away.)

3. Ik houd van ___ driehoek hier op tafel.

(I love ___ triangle here on the table.)

4. ___ cirkels aan de overkant van de kamer zijn groter.

(___ circles across the room are bigger.)

5. ___ driehoekje is klein, het is een verkleinwoord.

(___ little triangle is small, it is a diminutive.)

6. ___ vormen hier zijn rond en die vormen daar zijn vierkant.

(___ shapes here are round and those shapes there are square.)

Understanding Dutch Demonstrative Pronouns: deze, die, dit, dat

This lesson focuses on Dutch demonstrative pronouns, essential words that help you point out specific objects or people in conversation. The pronouns deze and dit are used when referring to things nearby, while die and dat refer to things that are farther away.

Matching Pronouns with Noun Gender and Number

In Dutch, nouns are categorized by their article: de-words and het-words. Demonstrative pronouns must agree with these categories. For singular de-woorden, use deze (near) or die (far). For singular het-woorden, use dit (near) or dat (far).

Special Cases: Diminutives and Plurals

Diminutives always take the article het, so they use dit or dat. Plural nouns always take the article de, and accordingly use deze or die.

Examples to Remember

  • Deze cirkel is rood (This circle is red) — de-word, nearby.
  • Dit vierkant ligt dichtbij (This square is nearby) — het-word, nearby.
  • Die cirkels aan de overkant zijn groter (Those circles over there are bigger) — plural de-words, far away.
  • Dit driehoekje is klein (This little triangle is small) — diminutive with het.

Comparing Dutch and English Demonstratives

Unlike English, where "this" and "that" do not depend on the noun's gender, Dutch demonstratives change based on the noun's article (de vs. het) and number (singular/plural). This adds a layer of agreement, making Dutch demonstratives more specific. For example, "this circle" in Dutch is deze cirkel (using deze) because cirkel is a de-word, whereas "this square" is dit vierkant because vierkant is a het-word.

Common useful phrases include:

  • Deze stoel is comfortabel. (This chair is comfortable.)
  • Dat boek ligt op tafel. (That book is on the table.)
  • Deze honden zijn luidruchtig. (These dogs are noisy.)
  • Dit huis is nieuw. (This house is new.)

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