Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to form negation in Dutch with the negative words 'niet' and 'geen'. This lesson explains their correct use with nouns, verbs, adjectives, and infinitives, including placement rules and examples like 'Ik heb geen geld' and 'Wij gaan niet zwemmen'. Understand differences with English negation for clearer communication.
  1. 'Niet' usually comes after the verb or before the word that is negated.
  2. In a sentence with an infinitive, niet is usually placed after the infinitive, except when there is also a conjugated verb in the main clause.
TypePositief (Positive)Negatief (Negative)
Zelfstandig naamwoord zonder lidwoord (Noun without article)Ik heb geld.Ik heb geen geld.
Werkwoord (Verb)

Wij gaan zwemmen.

Wij werken.

Wij gaan niet zwemmen.

Wij werken niet.

Infinitief

Wij werken.

Ik kan zwemmen.

Wij werken niet.

Ik kan niet zwemmen.

Bijvoeglijk naamwoord (Adjective)Hij is vriendelijk.Hij is niet vriendelijk.

Exercise 1: Negatie

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

geen, niet

1.
Mijn zus is ... zo open over haar gevoelens.
(My sister is not so open about her feelings.)
2.
Het is ... slimme jongen.
(He is not a clever boy.)
3.
We hebben elkaar gisteren ... ontmoet.
(We did not meet each other yesterday.)
4.
Hij lijkt onvriendelijk, want hij toont ... interesse.
(He seems unfriendly because he shows no interest.)
5.
Het is ... eerlijk.
(It is not fair.)
6.
De jongen is ... zo gesloten als zijn vader.
(The boy is not as reserved as his father.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ik vind hem ______ vriendelijk.

(I do not find him ______ friendly.)

2. Zij heeft ______ geduld.

(She has ______ patience.)

3. Wij spreken ______ hard.

(We speak ______ loudly.)

4. Hij is ______ spontaan.

(He is ______ spontaneous.)

5. Ik heb ______ overzicht.

(I have ______ overview.)

6. Jij kunt ______ goed luisteren.

(You can ______ listen well.)

Understanding Negation in Dutch

This lesson focuses on the basics of negation in Dutch, an essential part of everyday communication. You will learn how to properly use the negative words niet and geen, depending on the type of word you want to negate.

Negating Different Word Types

When negating a noun without an article, use geen. For example, "Ik heb geen geld" means "I have no money." For verbs and adjectives, negation is usually done with niet. Examples include "Wij gaan niet zwemmen" (We are not going swimming) and "Hij is niet vriendelijk" (He is not friendly).

Placement of Negation

The word niet typically goes after the verb or before the word being negated. In sentences with an infinitive, niet is usually placed after the infinitive, unless there is a conjugated verb in the main clause. For instance, "Ik kan niet zwemmen" (I cannot swim).

Key Examples

  • Ik heb geen geld. (I have no money.)
  • Wij werken niet. (We do not work.)
  • Hij is niet vriendelijk. (He is not friendly.)

Comparing to English Negation

Unlike English, which primarily uses "not" for negation, Dutch uses two different negation words. Geen negates nouns without articles, functioning like "no" or "not any." Niet negates verbs, adjectives, and other sentence elements. Remember, the position of these negatives in a sentence differs from English, so careful attention to word order will help you sound natural.

Useful phrases to remember:

  • Ik heb geen tijd. – I have no time.
  • Wij spreken niet hard. – We do not speak loudly.

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 29/05/2025 16:34