Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn to use Dutch prepositions such as om, door, aan, naar, and met to express reason, cause, goal, and means. This lesson covers essential examples and key differences from English to improve your understanding and usage at A1 level.
TypeVoorzetsel (Preposition)Voorbeeld (Example)
Reden (Reason)omHij lachte om die goede grap. (He laughed at that good joke.)
Oorzaak (cause)doorDoor de regen wordt het meisje helemaal nat. (Because of the rain, the girl gets completely wet.)
Doel (Purpose)aanIk geef eten aan de honden. (I give food to the dogs.)
Doel (Purpose)naarIk ga met vakantie naar Italië. (I am going on holiday to Italy.)
Doel (Purpose)omEen pen gebruik je om te schrijven. (You use a pen to write.)
Middel (by means of)metHet meisje gaat met de bus naar school. (The girl goes to school by bus.)
Middel (by means of)opHij gaat op de fiets naar muziekles. (He goes by bike to music class.)

Exceptions!

  1. 'Om' is used for both reason and purpose.

Exercise 1: Voorzetsels Om, door, aan, naar, met,...

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Door, om, aan, door, naar

1.
Op school lacht iedereen ... de mop van de leraar.
(At school everyone laughs at the teacher's joke.)
2.
... het wandelen voel ik mij terug rustig.
(By walking, I feel calm again.)
3.
Ik ben blij, want we vertrekken ... Spanje
(I am happy because we are going to Spain)
4.
Ik geef een knuffel ... mijn moeder, omdat ze verdrietig is.
(I give my mother a hug because she is sad.)
5.
Ik ben boos, want de trein ... mijn werk is altijd te laat.
(I am angry because the train to my work is always late.)
6.
Ik ben zenuwachtig ... het examen.
(I am nervous because of the exam.)
7.
... de harde wind ben ik een beetje bang.
(Because of the strong wind, I am a little scared.)
8.
Ik stuur een kaart ... mijn oma. Dat maakt haar gelukkig.
(I am sending a card to my grandma. That makes her happy.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ze lacht ___ de leuke grap.

(She laughs ___ at the funny joke.)

2. Hij wordt nat ___ de regen.

(He gets wet ___ because of the rain.)

3. Ik geef een cadeau ___ mijn collega.

(I give a gift ___ to my colleague.)

4. We gaan samen ___ de trein naar Amsterdam.

(We travel together ___ by train to Amsterdam.)

5. Ik reis ___ Nederland voor mijn werk.

(I travel ___ to the Netherlands for my work.)

6. Ze gebruikt een pen ___ te schrijven.

(She uses a pen ___ to write.)

Understanding Dutch Prepositions: Om, Door, Aan, Naar, Met, and More

This lesson focuses on common Dutch prepositions that express reasons, causes, goals, and means. Prepositions like om, door, aan, naar, and met are essential for constructing meaningful sentences and understanding everyday Dutch.

Types and Use

  • Reason (Reden): om is often used to explain why something happens. Example: Hij lachte om die goede grap.
  • Cause (Oorzaak): door indicates the cause of something. Example: Door de regen wordt het meisje helemaal nat.
  • Goal (Doel): aan and naar show direction or aim. Example: Ik geef eten aan de honden. and Ik ga met vakantie naar Italië.
  • Means (Middel): met and op indicate the means by which something is done. Example: Het meisje gaat met de bus naar school.

Key Highlights

The preposition om is versatile, used both for reasons and goals, which differs from English where separate words might be used. Practicing with the provided examples helps clarify these distinctions.

Differences Between Dutch and English Prepositions

Unlike English, Dutch often uses one preposition for multiple concepts. For instance, om covers the idea of both "because of" and "in order to." The English preposition "at" is less overlapping compared to Dutch prepositions such as aan. Also, motion or direction is frequently indicated by naar meaning "to" or "toward."

Useful phrases include:

  • "Hij lacht om de grap." — He laughs because of the joke.
  • "Ik ga naar school." — I am going to school.
  • "We reizen met de trein." — We travel by train.

Mastering these small but important words helps you form clearer and more natural Dutch sentences.

Written by

This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

Profile Picture

Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

University_Logo

Last Updated:

Thursday, 29/05/2025 16:34