Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to form dates in French with correct structure and usage. This lesson covers the order of day, month, and year, highlights capitalization rules, and explains when to use articles like 'le'. Examples include full dates, dates without the year, and abbreviated forms.
  1. The dates follow the order: "le" + "jour" + "mois" + "année".
  2. The months of the year are not capitalised.
  3. Cardinal numbers are used for the day.
DateExemple
Complète (Complete)le 1er janvier 2025
Sans l'année (without the year)le 14 juillet
Avec le jour de la semaine (With the day of the week)le jeudi 25 décembre 2022
Abrégée (Abbreviated)22/02/2023

Exceptions!

  1. We say "le 1er" for the first day of the month.

Exercise 1: Comment former la date?

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Le 11 novembre, le 1er septembre, le 6 janvier, Le 1er janvier, le 25 décembre, le 15 août, le 1er avril, Le 14 juillet

1. 01/01:
... est le jour de l'an.
(1 January is New Year's Day.)
2. 25/12:
Nous célébrons ... en famille.
(We celebrate 25 December as a family.)
3. 01/09:
Nous revenons à l'école ....
(We go back to school on 1 September.)
4. 15/08:
On part en vacances ....
(We are going on holiday on 15 August.)
5. 06/01:
Je suis né ....
(I was born on 6 January.)
6. 14/07:
... est une fête nationale en France.
(14 July is a national holiday in France.)
7. 11/11:
... est un jour férié.
(11 November is a public holiday.)
8. 01/04:
On mange du chocolat ....
(We eat chocolate on 1 April.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Nous célébrons Noël ____ 25 décembre.

(We celebrate Christmas ____ December 25th.)

2. La rentrée scolaire est ____ 1er septembre.

(The school year starts ____ September 1st.)

3. Le jour de l'an est ____ 1er janvier.

(New Year's Day is ____ January 1st.)

4. La fête nationale française est ____ 14 juillet.

(French National Day is ____ July 14th.)

5. Pâques tombe ____ 17 avril cette année.

(Easter falls ____ April 17th this year.)

6. Nous partons en vacances ____ 21 juin.

(We go on vacation ____ June 21st.)

How to Form Dates in French

This lesson teaches you how to correctly form dates in French, focusing on both written and spoken forms. You'll learn the typical order of elements in a French date and some nuances specific to the language.

Date Structure

The standard format is: le + day + month + year. For example, "le 1er janvier 2025" translates as "the 1st of January 2025." Note that "le" is always used before the date.

Important points include:

  • Months in French are never capitalized (e.g., janvier, février).
  • Cardinal numbers are used for the day, except for the first day of the month, which is "le 1er" (the 1st).
  • You may omit the year when it's understood, as in "le 14 juillet".
  • Including the day of the week is optional and sounds natural, e.g., "le jeudi 25 décembre 2022."
  • Dates can also be abbreviated as numbers separated by slashes, such as "22/02/2023."

Usage Examples

Some practical French dates you might use are:

  • "le 1er janvier" (the first of January)
  • "le 14 juillet" (14th of July – Bastille Day)
  • "le jeudi 25 décembre 2022" (Thursday, December 25, 2022)

Differences from English Date Formats

Unlike English, French dates always begin with the article "le." The day comes before the month, while in English especially American English, the order can be month/day/year. Additionally, French months are not capitalized, whereas English months are always capitalized. Also, the ordinal indicator "1er" for the first day is unique to French, where English typically uses "1st" after the number.

Useful phrases and their English equivalents:

  • "le 1er janvier" – "the 1st of January"
  • "le 14 juillet" – "the 14th of July"
  • "le jeudi 25 décembre 2022" – "Thursday, December 25, 2022"

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Calcagni

Languages for communication in international enterprises and organizations

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 29/05/2025 16:10