Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to form the German imperative mood to give commands, requests, and invitations. This lesson explains the imperative forms for informal singular (du), informal plural (ihr), formal (Sie), and neutral/general commands, including negations and vowel changes. Examples include "Hol den Partner ab!", "Geht heute Abend feiern!", and "Gehen Sie bitte ins Theater!". Understand how these usage rules compare to English imperative expressions.
  1. The verb is at the beginning of the sentence.
  2. Negations: „Nicht + infinitive!“ or „Bitte nicht...!“
Person (Person)Form (Form)Beispiel (Example)
Du (informell) (You (informal))Verbstamm (verb stem)Hol den Partner ab!
Ihr (plural) (You (plural))Verbstamm + -t (Verb stem + -t)Geht heute Abend feiern!
Sie (formell) (You (formal))Infinitiv + „Sie“ (Infinitive + "Sie")Gehen Sie bitte ins Theater!
Allgemein / neutral (general / neutral)Infinitiv (oft mit „nicht“) (Infinitive (often with "nicht"))Bitte nicht ohne Einladung kommen!

Exceptions!

  1. Some verbs have a vowel change in the imperative (du siehst → sieh!).

Exercise 1: Der Imperativ

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Kommen, Tanz, Geh, anrufen, Erzählen, Erzähl, Erzählt, Kommt

1. Du, Gehen:
... bitte nicht allein in den Club!
(Please don't go to the club alone!)
2. Sie, Anrufen:
... Sie bitte püntklich.
(Please be punctual.)
3. Allgemein, Anrufen:
Bitte nicht einfach ....
(Please do not just call.)
4. Sie, Erzählen:
... Sie bitte mehr!
(Please tell me more!)
5. Du, Tanzen:
... nicht allein!
(Don't dance alone!)
6. Du, Erzählen:
... mir alles!
(Tell me everything!)
7. Ihr, Kommen:
... bitte pünktlich zur Veranstaltung!
(Please come to the event on time!)
8. Ihr, Erzählen:
... uns den Plan!
(Tell us the plan!)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. ___ den Partner um 19 Uhr ab!

(___ your partner at 7 pm!)

2. ___ heute Abend feiern!

(___ partying tonight!)

3. ___ Sie bitte ins Theater!

(___ please to the theater!)

4. Bitte nicht ___ Einladung kommen!

(Please do not come ___ an invitation!)

5. ___ mal, das ist der Plan für Freitag!

(___, this is the plan for Friday!)

6. Bitte nicht ___ spät kommen!

(Please do not come ___ late!)

Understanding the German Imperative

The imperative form in German is used to give commands, make requests, or offer invitations. This lesson covers the basics of forming imperatives for different persons and contexts, suitable for beginners at the A1 level.

Forms of the Imperative

  • Du (informal singular): Use the verb stem directly, for example, Hol den Partner ab!
  • Ihr (informal plural): Add -t to the verb stem, for example, Geht heute Abend feiern!
  • Sie (formal): Use the infinitive plus Sie, as in Gehen Sie bitte ins Theater!
  • General or neutral commands: Use the infinitive, often with negation, such as Bitte nicht ohne Einladung kommen!

Key Points to Remember

  • The verb always begins the sentence in the imperative.
  • Negations can be formed by using nicht + infinitive or phrases like Bitte nicht...
  • Some verbs have vowel changes in the imperative form (for example, du siehst → sieh!).

Comparison to English Commands

Unlike English, which often uses the base form of the verb alone (e.g., "Look!"), German imperatives vary depending on the level of formality and number of people being addressed. English does not differentiate between formal and informal imperatives, but German clearly distinguishes du, ihr, and Sie forms. Also, German commands usually place the verb at the very start, which is similar to English for direct orders.

Common useful imperative phrases include "Sieh mal" (Look here), "Geht los" (Go ahead), and polite requests like "Gehen Sie bitte" (Please go).

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Sophie Schmidt

International Administration Management

Würzburger Dolmetscherschule

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 15/07/2025 09:38