Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to form and use the comparative (Komparativ) in German. This lesson covers the addition of '-er' to adjectives for comparison, important pronunciation notes, exceptions, and practical examples like 'laut – lauter' and 'teuer – teurer.' Understand how German comparatives differ from English, including key phrases and sentence structures to describe differences effectively.
  1. The comparative is formed by adding the ending -er to the adjective.
  2. With adjectives that end in -er or -el, there can be simplifications to make the pronunciation easier (sauer -> saurer, not sauerer).
Adjektiv (adjective)Komparativ (Comparative)Vergleich (Comparison)
lautlauterDas Geräusch ist lauter als die Musik.
weichweicherDas Kissen ist weicher als der Stein. 
sauersaurerDie Zitrone ist saurer als die Orange.
teuerteurerMein Computer war teurer als mein Handy. 

Exceptions!

  1. There are adjectives that have no comparative: tot, leer, einzig, rund, optimal, voll.

Exercise 1: Der Komparativ

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

er, rer

1. Dreckig:
Die Straße ist dreckig... als der Garten.
(The street is dirtier than the garden.)
2. Laut:
Die Musik ist laut... als das Gespräch.
(The music is louder than the conversation.)
3. Bitter:
Der Kaffee ist bitter... als der Tee.
(The coffee is more bitter than the tea.)
4. Leise:
Dein Hund ist leis... als meiner.
(Your dog is quieter than mine.)
5. Sauer:
Der Saft ist sau... als das Wasser.
(The juice is sourer than the water.)
6. Sauer:
Mein Bonbon ist sau... als deins.
(My sweet is sourer than yours.)
7. Weich:
Das Sofa ist weich... als der Stuhl.
(The sofa is softer than the chair.)
8. Weich:
Das Bett ist weich... als die Bank.
(The bed is softer than the bench.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Der Kaffee ist _____ als der Tee.

(The coffee is _____ than the tea.)

2. Das Buch ist _____ als der Film.

(The book is _____ than the movie.)

3. Die Musik ist _____ als die Stimme.

(The music is _____ than the voice.)

4. Das Kissen ist _____ als der Stein.

(The pillow is _____ than the stone.)

5. Die Zitrone ist _____ als die Orange.

(The lemon is _____ than the orange.)

6. Mein Computer war _____ als mein Handy.

(My computer was _____ than my phone.)

Understanding the Comparative in German

In this lesson, you will learn about "Der Komparativ," the comparative form of German adjectives. This is an essential grammar topic at the A1 level that helps you describe differences between two things by comparing their qualities.

How to Form the Comparative

The comparative is generally formed by adding the ending -er to the adjective. For example, "laut" becomes "lauter" which means "louder." Sometimes, when adjectives end in -er or -el, pronunciation changes slightly to make speaking easier, such as "sauer" becoming "saurer," not "saurerer."

Examples of Comparative in Use

  • laut – lauter: "Das Geräusch ist lauter als die Musik." (The noise is louder than the music.)
  • weich – weicher: "Das Kissen ist weicher als der Stein." (The pillow is softer than the stone.)
  • sauer – saurer: "Die Zitrone ist saurer als die Orange." (The lemon is sourer than the orange.)
  • teuer – teurer: "Mein Computer war teurer als mein Handy." (My computer was more expensive than my phone.)

Important Notes and Exceptions

Not all adjectives have a comparative form. Examples include "tot" (dead), "leer" (empty), "einzig" (only), "rund" (round), "optimal" (optimal), and "voll" (full). Recognizing these exceptions is important for using German correctly.

Comparing with English

Unlike English, which often uses "more" before adjectives to form comparatives (e.g., "more expensive"), German typically attaches the -er ending directly to the adjective. Also, German comparisons often use "als" (than) instead of "than" itself, as in "teurer als." This grammatical structure is vital to understand for proper sentence formation in German.

Useful phrases:

  • "... ist lauter als ..." – "... is louder than ..."
  • "... ist weicher als ..." – "... is softer than ..."
  • "... ist saurer als ..." – "... is sourer than ..."
  • "... war teurer als ..." – "... was more expensive than ..."

Mastering the comparative will enhance your ability to express differences and preferences, making your German communication more natural and precise.

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Sophie Schmidt

International Administration Management

Würzburger Dolmetscherschule

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 15/07/2025 02:06