Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn about the use of definite (der, die, das) and indefinite (ein, eine) articles in the nominative case in German. This lesson explains how articles indicate the gender and number of nouns, with practical examples and important usage notes, including the absence of indefinite articles in the plural and the omission of articles before most place names.
  1. The definite articles „der, die, das“ are used when talking about something specific or known.
  2. The indefinite articles „ein, eine“ are used when talking about something general or unknown.
  3. Articles are always written in lowercase, except at the beginning of a sentence.
 Bestimmter Artikel (Definite article)Unbestimmter Artikel (Indefinite article)
Maskulin (Masculine)der (the)ein (definite article)
Feminin (Feminine)die (the)eine (a)
Neutrum (Neuter)das (Definite Article Indefinite Article)ein (definite article)
Plural (Plural)die (the)- (kein Artikel) (- (no article))

Exceptions!

  1. In the plural, there is no indefinite article in German. Example: „Ich habe Bücher.“
  2. No article is used before city names and most country names. Example: „Ich wohne in Deutschland. Ich wohne in Hamburg.”

Exercise 1: Bestimmte und unbestimmte Artikel - Nominativ

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Der, Die, ein, Ein, Eine, Das

1. Unbestimmt:
... Stadt in Deutschland ist Freiburg.
(A city in Germany is Freiburg.)
2. Bestimmt :
... Schweiz ist in Europa.
(Switzerland is in Europe.)
3. Bestimmt :
... Name kommt aus Mexiko.
(The name comes from Mexico.)
4. Unbestimmt :
... Hauptstadt liegt in der Türkei.
(A capital city is located in Turkey.)
5. Bestimmt :
... Land heißt Spanien.
(The country is called Spain.)
6. Bestimmt :
... Antwort ist Frankreich.
(The answer is France.)
7. Unbestimmt :
... Bewohner kommt aus Dänemark.
(A resident comes from Denmark.)
8. Unbestimmt :
Spanien ist ... Land in Europa.
(Spain is a country in Europe.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ich komme aus ___ kleinen Stadt in Bayern.

(I come from ___ small town in Bavaria.)

2. Das ist ___ Mann, der in Berlin wohnt.

(That is ___ man who lives in Berlin.)

3. Ich habe ___ neues Auto gekauft.

(I bought ___ new car.)

4. Sie sind ___ Studenten an der Universität.

(They are ___ students at the university.)

5. Wir wohnen in ___ schönen Stadt München.

(We live in ___ beautiful city of Munich.)

6. Hat er ___ Schwester oder ___ Bruder?

(Does he have ___ sister or ___ brother?)

Definite and Indefinite Articles in the Nominative Case

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the definite and indefinite articles in German in the nominative case. Articles are small words that show the gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and number (singular or plural) of a noun.

Definite Articles "der, die, das"

These are used when talking about something specific or known. For example, der Mann (the man), die Frau (the woman), and das Auto (the car).

Indefinite Articles "ein, eine"

Use these when talking about something general or unknown. Examples include ein Mann (a man), eine Frau (a woman), and ein Auto (a car). Note that there is no indefinite article in the plural form in German, so you simply say Bücher (books).

Article Table Overview

  • Masculine: der (definite), ein (indefinite)
  • Feminine: die (definite), eine (indefinite)
  • Neuter: das (definite), ein (indefinite)
  • Plural: die (definite), no indefinite article

Important Notes

Always write articles in lowercase unless they begin a sentence. Also, when naming cities or most countries, articles are not used, e.g., in Deutschland (in Germany), in Hamburg (in Hamburg).

Comparing With English

In English, "the" is used as a definite article for all genders and numbers, whereas German uses different articles depending on gender and number. The indefinite article in English is "a" or "an", but in German, articles change according to gender: ein or eine. Furthermore, English uses indefinite articles in the plural indirectly (e.g., "some books"), but German does not use any indefinite article in the plural form.

This lesson provides a solid foundation for beginners (A1 level) to understand how articles signal grammatical gender and number in the nominative case in German and supports practical usage with clear examples.

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Sophie Schmidt

International Administration Management

Würzburger Dolmetscherschule

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 15/07/2025 01:56