Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn about German separable verbs (Trennbare Verben), which consist of a prefix and a main verb where the prefix separates and moves to the sentence end. This lesson covers common verbs like 'aufstehen', 'anrufen', and 'einladen' with examples, explains their sentence placement, and highlights key differences from English verb structures, providing useful phrases for everyday conversation at the A1 beginner level.
  1. With separable verbs, the preposition usually appears at the end of the sentence.
Trennbares Verb (Separable verb)Trennbare Präposition (Separable preposition)Beispiel im Präsens (Example in the present tense)
aufstehenaufIch stehe um 8 Uhr auf. (I get up at 8 o'clock.)
abholenabEr holt die Briefe vom Postamt ab. (He picks up the letters from the post office.)
anrufenanWir rufen um 10 Uhr an. (We call at 10 o'clock.)
einladeneinSie laden ihre Freunde zum Abendessen ein. (They invite their friends to dinner in.)
ausgehenausIch gehe mit meinen Freunden aus. (I go out with my friends.)
zuhörenzuWir hören der Musik zu. (We listen to the music.)
mitkommenmitSie kommt mit ins Kino. (She comes along to the cinema.)
vorbereitenvorIch bereite das Mittagsessen vor. (I prepare lunch up.)
dazugebendazuSie gibt noch ein bisschen Öl dazu. (She adds a little bit of oil to it.)

Exercise 1: Trennbare Verben

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

hören, ab, zu, mit, dazu, kommt, stehe, rufe, an, vor, bereiten, auf, gibt, holst, geben

1. Abholen:
Du ... die Eier vom Bauern ....
(You pick up the eggs from the farmer.)
2. Mitkommen:
Er ... ... in die Küche.
(He comes into the kitchen with us.)
3. Anrufen:
Ich ... bei meinem Freund ....
(I call my friend.)
4. Aufstehen:
Ich ... um 7 Uhr ..., um zu kochen.
(I get up at 7 o'clock to cook.)
5. Dazugeben:
Die Frau ... noch etwas Salz ....
(The woman adds some more salt.)
6. Zuhören:
Wir ... dem Mann ....
(We listen to the man.)
7. Vorbereiten:
Wir ... das Fleisch ....
(We prepare the meat.)
8. Dazugeben:
Die Kinder ... vier Eier ....
(The children add four eggs.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ich stehe jeden Morgen um 7 Uhr ____.

(I get up every morning at 7 o'clock __.)

2. Wir rufen den Kunden um 15 Uhr ____.

(We call the customer at 3 p.m. __.)

3. Ich bereite das Abendessen ____.

(I prepare dinner __.)

4. Sie lädt ihre Kollegen zum Essen ____.

(She invites her colleagues to dinner __.)

5. Er holt die frischen Zutaten vom Markt ____.

(He picks up the fresh ingredients from the market __.)

6. Wir hören beim Kochen Musik ____.

(We listen to music while cooking __.)

Understanding Separable Verbs in German

This lesson introduces you to separable verbs (Trennbare Verben), an essential part of German grammar. Separable verbs are compound verbs made up of a prefix and a main verb, where the prefix separates from the verb in the sentence.

Structure and Usage

In German, the separable prefix moves to the end of the sentence in most cases, especially in the present tense. For example, with the verb aufstehen (to get up), the prefix auf appears at the end: "Ich stehe um 8 Uhr auf." This pattern follows with other verbs like anrufen (to call), ausgehen (to go out), and vorbereiten (to prepare).

Common Separable Verbs and Prefixes

  • aufstehen – prefix: auf
  • abholen – prefix: ab
  • anrufen – prefix: an
  • einladen – prefix: ein
  • ausgehen – prefix: aus
  • zuhören – prefix: zu
  • mitkommen – prefix: mit
  • vorbereiten – prefix: vor
  • dazugeben – prefix: dazu

Important points

Separable verbs might look similar to English phrasal verbs like "get up" or "call off," but in German, the prefix is often a simple preposition or adverb that detaches from the verb stem.

Understanding these verbs is crucial for daily communication since many everyday verbs in German are separable.

Note on Word Order Differences

Unlike English, where multi-word verbs usually stay together (e.g., "I get up"), in German, the prefix often shifts to sentence end. For learners, this means practicing not just the verb but the sentence structure.

For example, the German sentence "Ich stehe um 8 Uhr auf" translates literally as "I stand at 8 o'clock up," which differs from English word order.

Useful phrases include:

  • Ich rufe dich später an. – I will call you later.
  • Wir laden Freunde zum Essen ein. – We invite friends to dinner.

This lesson offers a strong foundation in recognizing and using separable verbs in present tense, helping you to form accurate and natural German sentences.

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Sophie Schmidt

International Administration Management

Würzburger Dolmetscherschule

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 15/07/2025 12:37