Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how German prepositions combine with definite articles in the dative case to form common contractions such as 'am', 'beim', 'im', 'zum', and 'zur'. This lesson explains when and how these contractions occur, includes useful examples, and highlights important exceptions like the preposition 'mit'. Understanding these forms will enhance your fluency and comprehension in everyday German communication.
  1. The feminine dative form der only merges with the preposition to form (zu+der = zur); with other prepositions, the article and the preposition remain separate.
Präposition + Artikel (Preposition + Article)Beispiel (Example)
an + dem = amDer Staubsauger ist am Herd.
an + das = ansIch stelle mich ans Bügeleisen. 
bei + dem = beimDie Reparatur ist beim Hausmann.
in + dem = imDas Glas steht im Kühlschrank.
in + das = insIch bringe die Mikrowelle ins Haus.
von + dem = vomDas Problem kommt vom Herd.
zu + dem = zumDer Hausmann geht zum Trockner.
zu + der = zurDie Hausfrau geht zur Reparatur.

Exceptions!

  1. The preposition mit does not merge with the article.

Exercise 1: Verschmelzung von Präposition und Artikel im Dativ

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

vom, in der, im, zum, am, mit dem, zur

1. Mit:
Der Hausmann arbeitet ... Ofen.
(The househusband works with the oven.)
2. Zu:
Ich gehe ... Trockner.
(I am going to the tumble dryer.)
3. In:
Der Löffel liegt ... Besteckkasten.
(The spoon is in the cutlery drawer.)
4. An:
Der Staubsauger steht ... Herd.
(The vacuum cleaner is next to the cooker.)
5. Von:
Das Problem kommt ... Herd.
(The problem comes from the stove.)
6. In:
Die Wäsche trocknet ... Waschmaschine.
(The laundry is drying in the washing machine.)
7. Zu:
Die Hausfrau bringt die Mikrowelle ... Reparatur.
(The housewife takes the microwave to be repaired.)
8. An:
Das Bügeleisen ist ... Ofen.
(The iron is on the oven.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Ich stelle den Toaster _______ Kühlschrank.

(I put the toaster _______ refrigerator.)

2. Der Staubsauger steht _______ Schrank.

(The vacuum cleaner is _______ cabinet.)

3. Die Lampe hängt _______ Tisch.

(The lamp hangs _______ table.)

4. Die Frau geht _______ Waschmaschine.

(The woman goes _______ washing machine.)

5. Ich repariere das Radio _______ Technikraum.

(I repair the radio _______ technical room.)

6. Das Geschirr spült die Hausfrau _______ Spülmaschine.

(The housewife washes the dishes _______ dishwasher.)

Overview of Contractions of Prepositions and Articles in the Dative Case

This lesson covers the important grammatical concept of combining certain prepositions with definite articles in the dative case in German. You will learn how these pairs merge into contractions that are frequently used in everyday speech and writing, which helps to make your German sound more natural and fluent.

Key Contractions Explained

In German, specific prepositions when followed by the definite article in dative case contract to form one word. For example, "an + dem" becomes "am" as in "Der Staubsauger ist am Herd." Similarly, "bei + dem" becomes "beim," and "zu + der" becomes "zur." These contractions are mandatory in most situations and are widely used.

Important Details

  • Feminine dative form "der" only contracts with "zu" forming "zur"; with other prepositions, the article and preposition remain separate.
  • The preposition "mit" does not form contractions with any dative article; it always stays separate, e.g., "mit der Spülmaschine."

Examples You Should Know

Examples include: "im" (in dem), "ins" (in das), "zum" (zu dem), and "vom" (von dem). Understanding when and how these contractions occur improves both comprehension and communication skills.

Differences from English

Unlike English, where prepositions and articles typically remain separate (e.g., "to the house"), German frequently combines them in the dative case, which may seem unfamiliar at first. Getting accustomed to these contractions will help you avoid common mistakes and will reflect a higher proficiency level.

Useful phrases to remember include: am Herd (at the stove), beim Hausmann (with the handyman), zur Reparatur (to the repair), and mit der Spülmaschine (with the dishwasher).

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Sophie Schmidt

International Administration Management

Würzburger Dolmetscherschule

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 15/07/2025 01:47