Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn how to form dates in Spanish, including full dates, dates without the year, and dates with the day of the week. Understand the Spanish date structure, common usage rules, and key differences from English to improve your language skills.
  1. Dates follow the order: día + de + mes + de + año.
  2. Months are always written in lowercase.
  3. To say only the day and month: "15 de agosto", without the year.
Formato (Format)Ejemplo (Example)
Fecha completa (Complete date)1 de enero de 2023 (1 January 2023)
Fecha sin año (Date without year)15 de agosto (15 August)
Fecha con día de la semana (Date with day of the week)Martes, 5 de julio de 2022 (Tuesday, 5 July 2022)
Pregunta (Question)¿Qué día es hoy? - Es el 3 de abril. (What day is it today? - It's the 3rd of April.)
Uso en contexto (Usage in context)Las vacaciones empiezan el 15 de junio. (The holidays start on 15th June.)

Exceptions!

  1. The first day of the month uses "el 1º" or "el primero."
  2. To talk about an annual event, use "cada año el 6 de enero".
  3. The days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish.

Exercise 1: ¿Cómo se forman las fechas?

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

3 de abril, el 25 de diciembre, el 31 de diciembre, el 12 de octubre, El 10 de mayo, el primero de julio, el 15 de septiembre, 5 de junio

1. 25/12/2023:
Mañana celebramos navidad, ... con la familia.
(Tomorrow we are celebrating Christmas, December 25th, with the family.)
2. 3/4/2023:
Hoy es el ... y hace buen tiempo.
(Today is 3 April and the weather is nice.)
3. 10/5/2023:
¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños? - ....
(When is your birthday? - The 10th of May.)
4. 15/9/2023:
El curso empieza ... cada año.
(The course starts on 15 September each year.)
5. 5/6/2023:
Hoy es lunes, ... y tengo examen.
(Today is Monday, 5 June and I have an exam.)
6. 31/12/2023:
Cada año celebramos la Nochevieja ....
(Every year we celebrate New Year's Eve on December 31st.)
7. 1/7/2023:
Nos vamos de vacaciones ....
(We go on holiday on the first of July.)
8. 12/10/2023:
El próximo puente es ....
(The next bank holiday is on the 12th of October.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. La Navidad es ___ cada año.

(Christmas is ___ every year.)

2. Las vacaciones empiezan ___ .

(Vacation starts ___ .)

3. La Semana Santa es en ___ , según el año.

(Holy Week is in ___ , depending on the year.)

4. El año nuevo comienza ___ .

(The new year begins ___ .)

5. La Nochevieja es ___ .

(New Year's Eve is ___ .)

6. El fin de semana empieza ___ .

(The weekend starts ___ .)

How Dates Are Formed in Spanish

In this lesson, you will learn how to correctly express dates in Spanish, an essential skill for everyday communication and scheduling. Spanish dates typically follow the structure day + de + month + de + year. For example, 1 de enero de 2023 means "January 1, 2023." When the year is omitted, only the day and the month remain, such as 15 de agosto (August 15).

Basic Date Formats

  • Full date: "1 de enero de 2023"
  • Date without year: "15 de agosto"
  • Date with day of the week: "martes, 5 de julio de 2022" (Tuesday, July 5, 2022)

Key Usage Notes

Months in Spanish are always written in lowercase. When referring to the first day of a month, you can use either "el 1º" or "el primero". For annual events, say "cada año el 6 de enero" (every year on January 6). Also, days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish, unlike in English.

Examples in Context

  • "Las vacaciones empiezan el 15 de junio." (The holidays start on June 15.)
  • "¿Qué día es hoy? — Es el 3 de abril." (What day is today? — It is April 3.)

Differences between English and Spanish Dates

While English often uses the month-day-year format, Spanish follows day-month-year order, which can be confusing at first. Also, English months and days are capitalized, unlike in Spanish. For example, "Tuesday" is "martes" (not capitalized), and "July" is "julio" (lowercase). Useful phrases include "¿Qué día es hoy?" (What day is today?) and "Las vacaciones son el 15 de junio" (The holidays are on June 15).

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