This lesson teaches the expressions "Hay que", "Tener que", and "Deber" to express different types of obligations in Spanish. It explains their formation, use in general, personal, and moral duties, with practical examples such as "Hay que usar la harina correcta" and "Tengo que comprar aceite." The lesson highlights important differences with English, helping students to understand and use these essential phrases accurately.
| Expresión | Formación | Uso | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Haber que (to have to) | Hay que + infinitivo | Obligación impersonal, general (Impersonal obligation, general) | Hay que usar la harina correcta para el pastel. (One must use the correct flour for the cake.) |
| Tener que (To have to) | Tener (conjugado) + que + infinitivo | Obligación personal (Personal obligation) | Tengo que comprar el aceite. (I have to buy the oil.) |
| Deber (Must) | Deber (conjugado) + infinitivo | Obligación moral, recomendación fuerte (Moral obligation, strong recommendation) | Debemos agregar la mantequilla. (We must add the butter.) |
Exercise 1: Obligaciones - "Hay que, tener que, deber"
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
Tengo que, Debemos, Debes, Tienes que, Hay que
1.
... comprar el azúcar para la receta.
(I have to buy the sugar for the recipe.)
2.
... picar la cebolla para preparar la salsa.
(You need to chop the onion to prepare the sauce.)
3.
... cocinar los tomates a baja temperatura.
(You must cook the tomatoes at a low temperature.)
4.
... usar harina para hacer pan.
(You have to use flour to make bread.)
5.
... batir la nata.
(You have to whip the cream.)
6.
... agregar el aceite a la mezcla.
(We must add the oil to the mixture.)
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. _____ usar la harina correcta para hacer un buen pastel.
(_____ use the right flour to make a good cake.)2. _____ comprar aceite para cocinar esta receta.
(_____ buy oil to cook this recipe.)3. _____ mezclar la mantequilla con el azúcar antes de hornear.
(_____ mix the butter with the sugar before baking.)4. _____ pelar la cebolla antes de cocinarla.
(_____ peel the onion before cooking it.)5. _____ agregar ajo para dar más sabor al plato.
(_____ add garlic to give more flavor to the dish.)6. _____ seguir la receta para preparar las tapas caseras.
(_____ follow the recipe to prepare the homemade pies.)