Physical states and sensations
Estados físicos y sensaciones
- Express what you need.
- Tell how your body feels.
- The past participle as an adjective: "-ado, -oso, ..."
Learn to describe physical states and sensations in Spanish using past participles as adjectives. This lesson covers key vocabulary for common feelings like tiredness and thirst, reflexive verbs for self-care, and practical dialogues to talk about wellbeing after work, exercise, or outdoor activities. Suitable for beginners at A1 level.
Listening & reading materials
Practice vocabulary in context with real materials.
Vocabulary (10) Share Copied!
Exercises Share Copied!
These exercises can be done together during conversation lessons or as homework.
Exercise 1: Reorder sentences
Instruction: Make correct sentences and translate.
Exercise 2: Match a word
Instruction: Match the translations
Exercise 3: Cluster the words
Instruction: Classify the words into two groups depending on whether they express a physical state or an action to take care of the body.
Estados físicos y sensaciones
Acciones para cuidar el cuerpo
Exercise 4: Translate and use in a sentence
Instruction: Pick a word, translated and use the word in a sentence or dialogue.
1
El dolor
The pain
2
Lesionado
Injured
3
Sed
Thirst
4
Cuidarse
To take care of oneself
5
Relajarse
To relax
Ejercicio 5: Conversation exercise
Instrucción:
- How do the people feel in those situations? (How do the people feel in those situations?)
Teaching guidelines +/- 10 minutes
Example phrases:
|
Está agotado. He is exhausted. |
|
Me siento cansado por la mañana. I feel tired in the morning. |
|
Me siento agotado después del trabajo. I feel exhausted after work. |
|
Necesito beber algo. I need to drink something. |
|
Tengo sed. I am thirsty. |
|
Tengo hambre. I am hungry. |
|
Ella tiene frío. She is feeling cold. |
|
Tengo calor. I feel warm. |
| ... |
Exercise 6: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Select a situation and practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
Exercise 7: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. Ahora me _______ más porque estoy cansado después del trabajo.
(Now I _______ more because I am tired after work.)2. Después de caminar mucho, me _______ agotado y necesito descansar.
(After walking a lot, I _______ exhausted and need to rest.)3. ¿Tú te _______ bien para evitar estar lesionado durante el trabajo?
(Do you _______ yourself well to avoid being injured during work?)4. Nos _______ para mantenernos relajados y con energía.
(We _______ ourselves to stay relaxed and energized.)Exercise 8: A Tired Day at Work
Instruction:
Verb Tables
Cuidarse - Take care of oneself
Presente
- yo me cuido
- tú te cuidas
- él/ella se cuida
- nosotros/as nos cuidamos
- vosotros/as os cuidáis
- ellos/ellas se cuidan
Dormir - Sleep
Presente
- yo duermo
- tú duermes
- él/ella duerme
- nosotros/as dormimos
- vosotros/as dormís
- ellos/ellas duermen
Sentirse - Feel
Presente
- yo me siento
- tú te sientes
- él/ella se siente
- nosotros/as nos sentimos
- vosotros/as os sentís
- ellos/ellas se sienten
Relajarse - Relax
Presente
- yo me relajo
- tú te relajas
- él/ella se relaja
- nosotros/as nos relajamos
- vosotros/as os relajáis
- ellos/ellas se relajan
Exercise 9: El participio pasado como adjetivo: "-ado, -oso, ..."
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
Grammar: The past participle as an adjective: "-ado, -oso, ..."
Show translation Show answersrelajadas, cansadas, lesionada, sudada, sudados, agotados, cansado, lesionado
Grammar Share Copied!
It's not the most exciting thing, we admit, but it’s absolutely essential (and we promise it'll pay off)!
A1.29.2 Gramática
El participio pasado como adjetivo: "-ado, -oso, ..."
The past participle as an adjective: "-ado, -oso, ..."
Verb conjugation tables for this lesson Share Copied!
Cuidarse to take care of oneself Share Copied!
Presente
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| (yo) me cuido | I take care of myself |
| (tú) te cuidas | You take care of yourself |
| (él/ella) se cuida | he takes care of himself/she takes care of herself |
| (nosotros/nosotras) nos cuidamos | we take care of ourselves |
| (vosotros/vosotras) os cuidáis | You take care of yourselves |
| (ellos/ellas) se cuidan | they take care of themselves |
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Physical States and Sensations in Spanish
In this lesson, you will explore common physical states and sensations that describe how people feel after daily activities, especially exercise and rest. You will learn how to use past participles as adjectives, like "cansado" (tired) and "agotado" (exhausted), which are crucial for expressing your body’s condition in Spanish.
Key Vocabulary
- Estados físicos y sensaciones (Physical states and sensations): dolor (pain), duele (it hurts), agotado (exhausted), cansado (tired), hambre (hunger), sed (thirst)
- Acciones para cuidar el cuerpo (Actions to care for the body): dormir una siesta (take a nap), cuidarte (take care of yourself)
Using Past Participles as Adjectives
Many Spanish adjectives describing feelings or states end in "-ado" or "-oso," such as "cansado" (tired) and "sudado" (sweaty). These forms help you convey sensations effectively. Example: Estoy cansado después de trabajar todo el día.
Practical Dialogues
This lesson offers dialogues for different scenarios, such as at the office after work, at the gym following exercise, or at home after being outside. You’ll practice discussing how you feel and what you need, like rest, water, or a nap.
Verb Conjugations to Know
The lesson includes present tense conjugations of reflexive and regular verbs like cuidarse (to take care of oneself), dormir (to sleep), sentirse (to feel), and relajarse (to relax). Understanding these verbs helps describe actions related to wellbeing.
Comparing Spanish and English
Unlike English, Spanish frequently uses reflexive verbs to express taking care of oneself or feeling a certain way, e.g., me cuido (I take care of myself). Also, the past participles commonly function as adjectives to describe conditions or feelings, which contrasts with English where adjectives are usually standalone words.
Useful phrases include: "Estoy cansado" (I am tired), "Me siento sudado" (I feel sweaty), and "¿Quieres descansar?" (Do you want to rest?). These highlight the importance of verb conjugation and adjective agreement in Spanish.
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