Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

Learn Spanish comparatives with formulas like "Más + adjetivo + que" to express superiority, "Tan + adjetivo + como" for equality, and "Menos + adjetivo + que" to show inferiority, featuring examples such as "más amargo que" and "tan duro como".
 Adjetivo comparativo (Comparative adjective)Ejemplo (Example)
Expresar superioridad (Expressing superiority)Más + adjetivo + queEste café es más amargo que el té. (This coffee is more bitter than the tea.)
Este examen fue más duro que el anterior. (This exam was harder than the previous one.)
Expresar iguladad (Express equality)Tan + adjetivo + comoEste pan es tan duro como una piedra. (This bread is as hard as a stone.)
Está tan silencioso como en una biblioteca. (It is as quiet as in a library.)
Expresar inferioridad (Express inferiority)Menos + adjetivo + queEl olor de este queso es menos fétido que el del pescado. (The smell of this cheese is less foul than that of the fish.)
Esta naranja es menos ácida que el limón. (This orange is less acidic than the lemon.)

Exceptions!

  1. Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms: "mejor", "peor", "mayor", "menor".

Exercise 1: Los adjetivos comparativos: "Más + adjetivo + que," ...

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

más, tan, menos

1.
El plátano es ... duro que la manzana.
(The banana is less hard than the apple.)
2.
En verano, la casa es ... fresca que en invierno.
(In summer, the house is cooler than in winter.)
3.
La noche es ... ruidosa que el día.
(The night is less noisy than the day.)
4.
El café sin azúcar es ... amargo que el café con azúcar.
(Coffee without sugar is more bitter than coffee with sugar.)
5.
El azúcar es ... dulce como la fruta.
(Sugar is as sweet as fruit.)
6.
La noche es ... oscura que el día.
(The night is darker than the day.)
7.
El queso es ... salado que las frutas.
(Cheese is saltier than fruit.)
8.
La biblioteca es ... silenciosa como la noche.
(The library is as quiet as the night.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Este café es _____ amargo que el té.

(This coffee is _____ more bitter than the tea.)

2. La naranja es _____ ácida que el limón.

(The orange is _____ less acidic than the lemon.)

3. Este queso _____ peor que el otro.

(This cheese _____ smells worse than the other.)

4. El ruido aquí es _____ fuerte que en la calle.

(The noise here is _____ less loud than on the street.)

5. La voz de María es _____ clara que la de Juan.

(María's voice is _____ clearer than Juan's.)

6. Este pan es _____ duro como una piedra.

(This bread is _____ as hard as a rock.)

Comparative Adjectives in Spanish: "Más + adjetivo + que" and More

This lesson covers the use of comparative adjectives in Spanish, which allow you to compare qualities between two or more things or people. Understanding how to form and use comparatives is essential for everyday conversations, expressing preferences, and describing differences or similarities.

Forms of Comparative Adjectives

There are three main ways to express comparisons in Spanish:

  • Expressing superiority: Más + adjective + que (More + adjective + than)
  • Expressing equality: Tan + adjective + como (As + adjective + as)
  • Expressing inferiority: Menos + adjective + que (Less + adjective + than)

Examples of Comparative Structures

  • Este café es más amargo que el té. (This coffee is more bitter than tea.)
  • Este pan es tan duro como una piedra. (This bread is as hard as a rock.)
  • El olor de este queso es menos fétido que el del pescado. (The smell of this cheese is less foul than that of the fish.)

Irregular Comparative Adjectives

Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms that do not follow the más/menos + adjective structure. Common irregular comparatives include:

  • Mejor (better), from bueno (good)
  • Peor (worse), from malo (bad)
  • Mayor (greater/older), from grande (big/great)
  • Menor (lesser/younger), from pequeño (small)

Important Notes for English Speakers Learning Spanish Comparatives

Unlike English, where comparatives often change the form of the adjective by adding "-er," Spanish comparatives generally use the particle más or menos before the adjective. For example, "bitter" becomes "más amargo" (more bitter) rather than modifying the adjective itself. Also, equality is expressed with tan + adjective + como, corresponding to "as... as" in English.

Useful phrases include:

  • más ... que – more ... than
  • menos ... que – less ... than
  • tan ... como – as ... as

Remember that the adjective must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes.

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