Indefinite pronouns (iemand, niemand, alles)

Onbepaalde voornaamwoorden (iemand, niemand, alles)


Onbepaalde voornaamwoorden verwijzen naar personen of zaken zoals iemand, niets, alle, zonder specifiek te zijn.

(Indefinite pronouns refer to people or things like iemand, niets, alle, without being specific.)

Which word do you need: people vs things, all vs some?

  • People: iedereen (everyone), iemand (someone), niemand (no one)
  • Things / animals / ideas: iets (something), niets (nothing)
  • The whole group: al / alle (all)
  • Impersonal “people in general”: men (one / people say)

Quick question to self-check: Am I talking about a person or a thing/animal?

Al vs alle: the practical difference

Form Use Typical pattern Example
al an unspecified whole (often: “the whole …”) al + possessive + plural noun
al mijn / al haar / al zijn

Al mijn documenten staan in de cloud.

alle all of a plural group alle + plural noun

Alle collega’s zijn aanwezig.

  • Remember: alle goes with a plural noun: alle klanten, alle dieren.
  • Typical A2 trap: alle mijn boeken → usually al mijn boeken.

Iemand / niemand / iedereen: talking about persons

  • iemand = someone (you don’t know who / not important who)
  • niemand = no one (zero people)
  • iedereen = everyone (all people in the group)
Goal Correct Example
Ask if a person exists Is er iemand …?

Is er iemand die mij kan helpen met dit rapport?

Say there is no person Er is niemand …

Er is niemand op kantoor.

General group Iedereen …

Iedereen kent dit proces al.

Note: these words can stand alone (no noun after them). That’s why they are called “indefinite pronouns”.

Iets / niets: talking about things, animals, ideas

  • iets = something (a sound, an object, an issue, an animal…)
  • niets = nothing (zero things)
Meaning Example
something (unspecific)

Ik hoor iets in de gang.

nothing at all

Door de mist zien we niets.

  • Common mix-up: niemand is for people, niets is for things.

Men: formal “people in general” (and always singular)

  • men = “one / people (in general)”
  • Use it only as the subject (at the start of the clause).
  • The verb is always singular.
Correct Why

Men zegt dat dit systeem veilig is.

men = subject + verb in singular

Men zeggen dat dit systeem veilig is.

Wrong verb form (should be singular)

Practical tip: In everyday Dutch, people often say “ze zeggen …” instead of men. But men is useful in written/formal contexts.

Mini decision guide (fast and reliable)

  1. Do you mean a person?
    • Yes → iemand / niemand / iedereen
    • No → go to step 2
  2. Do you mean a thing/animal/idea?
    • Yes → iets / niets
    • No → go to step 3
  3. Do you mean “all”?
    • With a plural noun → alle + plural noun
    • With “my/your/his/her/our/their” → usually al + possessive + plural noun
  4. Do you mean “people in general” in a formal way?
    • Yes → men + singular verb
  1. You use the indefinite pronoun 'al' for an unspecified whole.
  2. Iemand and niemand refer to people.
  3. Iets and niets refer to things or animals.
Gebruik (Use)Voornaamwoord (Pronoun)Voorbeeldzin (Example sentence)
Bijvoeglijk (Adjectival)al/alle (all)

Al haar boeken liggen op tafel. (All her books are on the table.)

Alle dieren zijn gevoerd. (All the animals have been fed.)

Zelfstandig (Independent)iedereen (everyone)Iedereen was bang van de tijger. (Everyone was afraid of the tiger.)
iemand (someone)Is er iemand die de leeuw wil voeren? (Is there someone who wants to feed the lion?)
niemand (no one)Niemand zag de olifant. (No one saw the elephant.)
iets (something)Hij hoorde iets in de jungle. (He heard something in the jungle.)
niets (nothing)We zagen niets in de woestijn door al het zand. (We saw nothing in the desert because of all the sand.)
menMen zegt dat de olifanten slim zijn. (People say that elephants are smart.)

Exceptions!

  1. You use Men only as the subject, and always in the singular.
  2. You use Alle with plural nouns.

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1. Is er ____ die met mijn neefje naar de leeuwen wil kijken?

Is there ____ who wants to look at the lions with my little cousin?

2. In de woestijn van het safaripark zagen we ____ door al het zand.

In the desert of the safari park we saw ____ because of all the sand.

3. ____ dieren in het tropisch huis zijn al gevoerd.

____ animals in the tropical house have already been fed.

4. ____ zegt dat olifanten slim zijn.

____ say that elephants are smart.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite the sentences with the indefinite pronoun in brackets (al/alle, iedereen, iemand, niemand, iets, niets, men).

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Hint Hint (iedereen) Alle collega's zijn op tijd in de vergadering.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Iedereen is op tijd in de vergadering.
    (Everyone is on time for the meeting.)
  2. Hint Hint (niets) Er is niemand in het kantoor.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Er is niets te doen op kantoor.
    (There is nothing to do at the office.)
  3. Hint Hint (iets) Ik hoor een geluid in de gang.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Ik hoor iets in de gang.
    (I hear something in the hallway.)
  4. Hint Hint (iemand) Is er een collega die mij kan helpen met de printer?
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Is er iemand die mij kan helpen met de printer?
    (Is there someone who can help me with the printer?)

Written by

This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

Profile Picture

Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

University_Logo

Last Updated:

Saturday, 09/05/2026 02:45