Indefinite pronouns (iemand, niemand, alles)

Onbepaalde voornaamwoorden (iemand, niemand, alles)


Onbepaalde voornaamwoorden verwijzen naar personen of zaken zoals iemand, niets, alle, zonder specifiek te zijn.

(Indefinite pronouns refer to people or things such as iemand, niets, alle, without being specific.)

What these words do (indefinite pronouns)

Onbepaalde voornaamwoorden help you talk about people/things in a general way: you don’t name exactly who or what.

  • Persons: iedereen, iemand, niemand, men
  • Things/animals/ideas: iets, niets
  • A whole group/total: al / alle

Quick choice: person, thing, or group?

Your meaning Use Example (correct)
“someone” (a person exists, unknown) iemand Is er iemand die me hiermee kan helpen?
“no one / nobody” (zero people) niemand Niemand weet het antwoord.
“everyone” (all people as individuals) iedereen Iedereen is op tijd.
“something” (a thing/animal/idea exists, unknown) iets Ik hoor iets buiten.
“nothing” (zero things) niets Er ligt niets op tafel.
“all / the whole” (the complete set) al / alle Al mijn vergaderingen zijn vandaag online. / Alle vergaderingen zijn online.

Al vs. alle: the pattern you can trust

  • al = “all” with a determiner (my, your, the, this, that) or with an uncountable idea of “the whole”.
  • alle = “all” directly before a plural noun (no extra determiner in between).
Meaning Correct Common mistake
all + possessive (my/your/his/her/our/their) al mijn collega’s alle mijn collega’s
all + plural noun (no extra word in between) alle collega’s al collega’s
all + demonstrative (this/that/these/those) al die rapporten alle die rapporten
all + definite article (the) al de documenten alle de documenten

Tip: If you see de, het, mijn, jouw, zijn, haar, ons, hun, die, deze right after “all” → choose al.

Iemand / niemand vs. iets / niets: don’t mix “person” and “thing”

  • iemand / niemand = humans (colleague, visitor, client).
  • iets / niets = objects, animals, sounds, information, activities.
Context Correct Why
You heard a noise Ik hoor iets. Noise = “thing/phenomenon”
You can’t see a person Ik zie niemand. Person = human
There is no information Ik weet niets. Information = “thing”

Iedereen: grammatically singular (even though it means many people)

Iedereen refers to many people, but the verb is usually singular.

  • Iedereen is welkom.
  • Iedereen heeft een badge.
  • Iedereen kan later aansluiten.

Self-check: Can you replace it with “he/she”? If yes, keep the verb singular.

Men: formal “people/they” (only as the subject)

  • Men = formal, general “people/they”. Common in written or official style.
  • Use men only as the subject, and always singular.
Correct Not correct
Men zegt dat dit beter werkt. Ik spreek met men.
Men vraagt om stilte. De mening van men

Tip: In conversation, Dutch people often prefer ze (“they”) or a passive sentence. But for this level, learn men + singular verb as a safe, formal option.

Mini checklist before you speak

  1. Do I mean a person? → iemand / niemand / iedereen / men
  2. Do I mean a thing or animal? → iets / niets
  3. Do I mean the whole group?
    • With de/het/mijn/die/dezeal
    • Directly before a plural nounalle
  4. Verb check: iedereen / men → singular verb
  1. You use the indefinite pronoun 'al' to talk about an unspecified whole.
  2. Iemand and niemand refer to people.
  3. Iets and niets refer to things or animals.
Gebruik (Use)Voornaamwoord (Pronoun)Voorbeeldzin (Example sentence)
Bijvoeglijk (Adjectival)al/alle (all)

Al haar boeken liggen op tafel. (All her books are on the table.)

Alle dieren zijn gevoerd. (All the animals have been fed.)

Zelfstandig (Independent)iedereen (everyone)Iedereen was bang van de tijger. (Everyone was afraid of the tiger.)
iemand (someone)Is er iemand die de leeuw wil voeren? (Is there someone who wants to feed the lion?)
niemand (no one)Niemand zag de olifant. (No one saw the elephant.)
iets (something)Hij hoorde iets in de jungle. (He heard something in the jungle.)
niets (nothing)We zagen niets in de woestijn door al het zand. (We saw nothing in the desert because of all the sand.)
menMen zegt dat de olifanten slim zijn. (People say that elephants are smart.)

Exceptions!

  1. You use Men only as the subject, and always in the singular.
  2. You use Alle with plural nouns.

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

1. In deze dierentuin kan ______ wel iets interessants vinden.

In this zoo, ______ can find something interesting.

2. ______ kinderen willen de jonge tijgers van dichtbij zien.

______ children want to see the young tigers up close.

3. Ik hoor ______ in de jungle, maar ik zie niets tussen de bomen.

I hear ______ in the jungle, but I don't see anything among the trees.

4. ______ vraagt dat iedereen de dieren met respect behandelt.

______ are asked to treat the animals with respect.

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence in which the indefinite pronoun is used correctly.

1.
The ending '-e' does not belong to indefinite pronouns like 'no one' and is incorrect.
'No one' is not conjugated with '-s'; this form is incorrect.
2.
'Every' is used with singular nouns and is not used directly with a possessive pronoun like 'her'.
Use 'All' here, not 'Every'; 'Every' is incorrect in combination with 'her'.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite the sentences using the correct indefinite pronoun (al, alle, iedereen, iemand, niemand, iets, niets, men). Note whether they refer to people or things.

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Hint Hint (alle) De studenten luisteren goed naar de docent.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Alle studenten luisteren goed naar de docent.
    (All the students listen carefully to the teacher.)
  2. Hint Hint (alle) De collegas hebben vragen over de nieuwe computer.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Alle collegas hebben vragen over de nieuwe computer.
    (All the colleagues have questions about the new computer.)
  3. Hint Hint (iedereen) De mensen in dit bedrijf krijgen één keer per jaar een evaluatiegesprek.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Iedereen in dit bedrijf krijgt één keer per jaar een evaluatiegesprek.
    (Everyone at this company receives a performance review once a year.)
  4. Hint Hint (iemand) Er is een persoon die je kan helpen met de belasting.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Er is iemand die je kan helpen met de belastingaangifte.
    (There is someone who can help you with your tax return.)

Exercise 4: Grammar in action

Instruction: Discuss the programme and make a short schedule for all participants.

Show/Hide translation
Situation
Jij en een collega organiseren een familie-uitje naar de dierentuin.
(You and a colleague are organizing a family outing to the zoo.)

Discuss
  • Wie wil welke dieren zien? Zeg of iemand of niemand een voorkeur heeft. (Who wants to see which animals? Say whether someone or no one has a preference.)
  • Wat wil iedereen eten of drinken in de dierentuin? Zijn er dingen die iemand echt niet wil (niets)? (What does everyone want to eat or drink at the zoo? Are there things that someone absolutely doesn't want?)

Useful words and phrases
  • Iedereen wil de leeuw en de tijger bewonderen. (Everyone wants to admire the lion and the tiger.)
  • Is er iemand die de apen in de jungle wil zien? (Is there anyone who wants to see the monkeys in the jungle area?)
  • Niemand ziet iets bewegen in het tropische landschap. (No one sees anything moving in the tropical exhibit.)

Use in conversation
  • iemand / niemand (someone / no one)
  • iets / niets (something / nothing)
  • al(le) + meervoud (all + plural)

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Kato De Paepe

Business and languages

KdG University of Applied Sciences and Arts Antwerp

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 23/04/2026 13:46