This lesson covers sterke werkwoorden in Dutch, focusing on the onvoltooid verleden tijd (e.g., kreeg, koos) and voltooid deelwoord (e.g., gekregen, gekozen). Learn common verbs like doen, gaan, and zeggen with their vowel changes and correct past forms.
- Strong verbs are verbs that deviate from the general conjugation rules.
- Strong verbs change the vowel in the simple past tense.
- Voltooid deelwoord often ends with '-en' or 'ge- + stem + en'.
| Infinitief | O.V.T. | Voltooid deelwoord |
|---|---|---|
| Krijgen (To get) | kreeg | gekregen |
| Kiezen (Choose) | koos | gekozen |
| Trekken (To pull) | trok | getrokken |
| Vragen (To ask) | vroeg | gevraagd |
| Doen (To do) | deed | gedaan |
| Gaan (To go) | ging | gegaan |
| Houden (To keep) | hield | gehouden |
| Komen (Come) | kwam | gekomen |
| Denken (To think) | dacht | gedacht |
| Zeggen (Say) | zei | gezegd |
Exercise 1: Sterke werkwoorden: onvoltooid verleden tijd en voltooid deelwoord
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
gebleven, aangedaan, las, wist, kocht, droeg, Zag, zei
1.
Zeggen:
Ze ... dat mijn jurk erg in de mode is op het moment.
(She said that my dress is very fashionable at the moment.)
2.
Zien:
... jij van welk merk die jas was?
(Did you see what brand that jacket was?)
3.
Lezen:
Opa ... altijd modebladen uit dat tijdperk.
(Grandpa always read fashion magazines from that era.)
4.
Weten:
Ik ... niet dat jij zo met mode bezig bent.
(I didn't know that you are so into fashion.)
5.
Kopen:
Ik ... een vintage jurk in de tweedehandswinkel.
(I bought a vintage dress in the secondhand shop.)
6.
Blijven:
De stijl van mijn moeder is altijd een beetje ouderwets ....
(My mother's style has always remained a bit old-fashioned.)
7.
Aandoen:
We hebben onze nieuwe outfit ...
(We have put on our new outfit)
8.
Dragen:
Hij ... een hippe jas op het feest.
(He wore a trendy jacket at the party.)
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct sentence with the proper use of strong verbs in the simple past tense or the past participle. Pay attention to the vowel change and the correct past participle.
1.
The verb 'kopen' is a strong verb that is 'kocht' in the past tense, and the past participle is 'gekocht'. However, here the simple past tense is needed because it refers to 'yesterday'.
'Buyed' is incorrect; the verb 'kopen' changes irregularly to 'kocht' in the past tense, not 'buyed'.
2.
'Choosed' is not a correct conjugation of the verb 'kiezen'.
This sentence is duplicated and incorrectly marked. The correct form is 'gekozen'; any other spellings are wrong.
3.
'Were' is not correct here; it should be 'was'.
'Putted' does not exist; the correct plural form in the past tense is 'trokken'.
4.
'Keeped' is not the correct form; it should be 'hield'.
'Hielden' is plural and does not fit with the singular 'she' in this context.
