De gebiedende wijs gebruikt de volgorde werkwoord, onderwerp, rest, met voorbeelden als Ga zitten, Doe het raam open.
(The imperative uses the order verb, subject, rest, with examples such as Ga zitten, Doe het raam open.)
- Negative: Werkwoord + (onderwerp) + niet/geen + rest.
- With 'u' and 'jullie': subject must be in second position.
| 1e plaats (1st position) Werkwoord (Verb) | 2e plaats (2nd position) Onderwerp (bject) | 3e plaats (3rd position) Rest (Remaining) |
|---|---|---|
| Werk | - | samen! |
| Gaat | u | naar binnen! |
| Helpen | jullie | mij! |
Exceptions!
- There is often no subject in affirmative sentences with jij.
Exercise 1: Woordvolgorde in gebiedende wijs
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
Help, Doen, Helpen, Communiceer, Blijft, Houd, Ga
1.
Helpen:
... jullie jullie teamgenoot bij een fout.
(Do you help your teammate with a mistake?)
2.
Blijven:
... u rustig en werkt u samen met het team.
(Stay calm and work together with the team.)
3.
Helpen:
... je werknemer bij het verbeteren van de communicatie.
(Help your employee improve communication.)
4.
Ophouden:
... op met praten tijdens het overleg.
(Stop talking during the meeting.)
5.
Meedoen:
... jullie mee met het creatieve teamwerk van vandaag.
(Are you joining in with today's creative teamwork?)
6.
Gaan:
... nu zitten en luister goed naar je teamgenoot.
(Go and sit down and listen carefully to your teammate.)
7.
Communiceren:
... duidelijk als je iets niet begrijpt.
(Communicate clearly if you do not understand something.)
8.
Gaan:
... niet weg zonder overleg.
(Do not leave without consultation.)
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct imperative in each sentence.
1.
When 'you' (jij) is used in the imperative, the subject is usually omitted: use 'Send him the new schedule tomorrow.' With an explicit 'you' it sounds like a statement rather than an imperative.
Incorrect word order for an imperative and uses a subject-first structure. In the imperative the sentence begins with the verb: 'Send him the new schedule tomorrow.'
2.
For the polite form 'u' the verb normally carries a -t in Dutch; this English rendering is intended to reflect the negative polite imperative but is awkwardly literal.
This is a declarative sentence (subject first), not an imperative. An imperative begins with the verb: 'Do not worry about the deadline.'
3.
With 'you' after the verb it becomes a statement, not an imperative. For a standard imperative we omit the explicit 'you': 'Do not send the report to the client today.'
'Not' is in the wrong place here: in a negative imperative 'not' should follow the direct object and time expression where appropriate: 'Do not send the report to the client today.'
4.
In Dutch 'jullie' requires the verb-second pattern and -t; this literal English phrasing is awkward. A natural English plural imperative is 'Help me briefly with this team task, everyone.' or simply 'Help me briefly with this team task.'
This is a declarative structure (subject first) and not an imperative. The correct imperative form is 'Help me briefly with this team task.'
Exercise 3: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite the sentences in the imperative (command) form. Pay attention to the order: verb – (subject) – rest. For negations use: verb – (subject) – not/no – rest. Example: Jij maakt de deur open. → Maak de deur open! / Jullie maken de deur niet open. → Maak de deur niet open!
-
Jij gaat nu naar binnen.
-
U maakt het rapport vandaag af.⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleMaakt u het rapport vandaag af!(Finish the report today, please!)
-
Jullie praten niet zo hard in de vergaderruimte.⇒ _______________________________________________ ExamplePraat niet zo hard in de vergaderruimte!(Don’t speak so loudly in the meeting room!)
-
Jij helpt je collega met de presentatie.⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleHelp je collega met de presentatie!(Help your colleague with the presentation!)
-
U zet de computer niet uit.⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleZet u de computer niet uit!(Don’t turn off the computer, please!)
-
Jullie sturen geen lange e-mails.⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleStuur geen lange e-mails!(Don’t send long emails!)
