Teaching guidelines +/- 15 minutes

This lesson covers French adjectives, focusing on their agreement in gender and number, and their position relative to nouns. Learn key adjectives like "grand/grande" (big), "petit/petite" (small), and how to use them in singular and plural forms for phrases such as "un grand homme" and "les petites filles."
  1. The adjective can be either to the right or to the left of the noun it accompanies, or it can be separated from the noun by other elements.
SingulierPluriel
Adjectifs indéfinis Un grand hommeDes grands hommes
Une grande femmeDes grandes femmes
Adjectifs définis (Definite adjectives)La fille est petite  (The girl is small)Les filles sont petites  (The girls are small)
Le chien est petit  (The dog is small )Les chiens sont petits (The dogs are small)

Exercise 1: Adjectifs: Accord et place

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

petits, grand, nouvelle, blond, rousses, vieilles, châtains, anciens

1. Nouvelle/Nouvelles:
Elle porte une ... veste.
(She is wearing a new jacket.)
2. Châtain/Châtains:
Il a les cheveux ....
(He has chestnut hair.)
3. Ancien/Anciens:
Des ... livres sont intéressants.
(Old books are interesting.)
4. Rousse/Rousses:
Elles sont ....
(They are ginger.)
5. Grand/Grands:
C'est un ... homme.
(He is a tall man.)
6. Vielle/Vielles:
Nous avons des ... chaises.
(We have old chairs.)
7. Blond/Blonds:
Il est ....
(He is blond.)
8. Petit/Petits:
Ce sont de ... chiens.
(They are small dogs.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct solution

1. Mon frère est ____ et blond.

(My brother is ____ and blond.)

2. Elle a les cheveux ____ et raides.

(She has ____ and straight hair.)

3. Les ____ maisons ont beaucoup de charme.

(The ____ houses have a lot of charm.)

4. Il porte une ____ moustache.

(He wears a ____ mustache.)

5. Les filles ____ sont dans la classe.

(The ____ girls are in the class.)

6. Je ressemble à mon père, il est ____ et mince.

(I look like my father, he is ____ and thin.)

Understanding French Adjectives: Agreement and Placement

This lesson focuses on the fundamental rules of French adjectives, which must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) with the nouns they describe. Mastering these agreements is essential for clear and correct sentence construction in French.

Adjective Agreement

In French, adjectives change their form to match the gender and number of the noun. Here are key examples highlighting these agreements:

  • Un grand homme (A tall man) - masculine singular
  • Une grande femme (A tall woman) - feminine singular
  • Des grands hommes (Tall men) - masculine plural
  • Des grandes femmes (Tall women) - feminine plural
  • Le chien est petit (The dog is small) - masculine singular
  • Les chiens sont petits (The dogs are small) - masculine plural
  • La fille est petite (The girl is small) - feminine singular
  • Les filles sont petites (The girls are small) - feminine plural

Adjective Placement

Unlike English, where adjectives almost always come before the noun, French adjectives can be placed either before or after the noun they modify. The position may change depending on the adjective or the sentence emphasis. For example:

  • Un grand homme (A great man) — adjective before the noun
  • La fille est petite (The girl is small) — adjective after the noun

Occasionally, adjectives are separated from the noun by other elements, adding to sentence variety and expressiveness.

Important Vocabulary and Examples

  • Grand, grande: big, tall
  • Petit, petite: small
  • Joli, jolie: pretty
  • Long, longue: long
  • Vieux, vieille: old
  • Châtain, châtaine: chestnut-colored (hair)

Note on Differences Between English and French Adjective Use

English adjectives do not change form according to gender or number, while French adjectives always agree with the noun’s gender and number. For example, English uses "a tall man" and "a tall woman" with the same adjective form, but French uses "un grand homme" and "une grande femme". Also, adjective placement is more flexible in French, potentially before or after the noun, unlike the fixed pre-noun position in English.

Some useful French phrases reflecting adjective agreement include: mon frère est grand et blond (my brother is tall and blond), elle a les cheveux longs et raides (she has long and straight hair), and les vieilles maisons (the old houses), demonstrating plural and feminine adjective endings.

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Donia Ben Salem

Applied Foreign Languages

Université de Lorraine

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 17/07/2025 01:46