Learn to form dates in French using the structure "le + day + month + year," with key vocabulary like "le 1er janvier" (January 1st) and "le 14 juillet" (July 14th). Understand when to include the year or day of the week, and how to write dates both fully and in abbreviated form.
  1. The dates follow the order: "le" + "jour" + "mois" + "année".
  2. The months of the year are not capitalised.
  3. Cardinal numbers are used for the day.
Date (Date)Exemple (Example)
Complète (Complete)le 1er janvier 2025 (1st January 2025)
Sans l'année (without the year)le 14 juillet (14 July)
Avec le jour de la semaine (With the day of the week)le jeudi 25 décembre 2022 (Thursday 25 December 2022)
Abrégée (Abbreviated)22/02/2023

Exceptions!

  1. We say "le 1er" for the first day of the month.

Exercise 1: Comment former la date?

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Le 14 juillet, Le 1er janvier, le 6 janvier, le 21 juin, Le 11 novembre, le 15 août, le 1er avril, le 25 décembre

1. 21/06:
Il fait chaud ..., c'est l'été.
(Il fait chaud le 21 juin, c'est l'été.)
2. 11/11:
... est un jour férié.
(Le 11 novembre est un jour férié.)
3. 01/01:
... est le jour de l'an.
(Le 1er janvier est le jour de l'an.)
4. 15/08:
On part en vacances ....
(On part en vacances le 15 août.)
5. 06/01:
Je suis né ....
(Je suis né le 6 janvier.)
6. 25/12:
Nous célébrons ... en famille.
(Nous célébrons le 25 décembre en famille.)
7. 14/07:
... est une fête nationale en France.
(Le 14 juillet est une fête nationale en France.)
8. 01/04:
On mange du chocolat ....
(On mange du chocolat le 1er avril.)

Exercise 2: Dialogue completion

Instruction: Complete the dialogue with the correct solution

1. Nous célébrons Noël ____ 25 décembre.

( We celebrate Christmas ____ December 25th.)

2. La rentrée scolaire est ____ 1er septembre.

( The school year starts ____ September 1st.)

3. Le jour de l'an est ____ 1er janvier.

( New Year's Day is ____ January 1st.)

4. La fête nationale française est ____ 14 juillet.

( French National Day is ____ July 14th.)

5. Pâques tombe ____ 17 avril cette année.

( Easter falls ____ April 17th this year.)

6. Nous partons en vacances ____ 21 juin.

( We go on vacation ____ June 21st.)

How to Form Dates in French

This lesson guides you step-by-step through the basics of forming dates in French, tailored for beginner (A1) learners. Understanding date formation correctly is essential for everyday communication, scheduling, and understanding written material.

Basic Structure of Dates

In French, dates follow a specific order: le + day + month + year. Here are some examples you will see:

  • le 1er janvier 2025 (the 1st of January 2025) — complete date with day, month, and year
  • le 14 juillet (the 14th of July) — without the year
  • le jeudi 25 décembre 2022 (Thursday, December 25, 2022) — including the day of the week
  • 22/02/2023 — abbreviated numeric form

Important Points to Remember

  • The article le always precedes the date structure.
  • The months of the year are not capitalized in French.
    Examples: janvier, février, mars, avril, mai, juin, juillet, août, septembre, octobre, novembre, décembre
  • Use cardinal numbers for the day, except the first day of the month where you use le 1er instead of le un.
  • Including the day of the week is optional but common for clarity.

Comparison Between English and French Dates

English dates can be written in various ways such as "January 1, 2025" or "1st of January, 2025" and typically do not use an article before the date. By contrast, French dates always include the article le before the day and use a fixed word order. Also, English months are capitalized, while French months are not.

Useful Words and Phrases

  • le — the (used before dates)
  • 1er — first (used only for the first day of the month)
  • Days of the week: lundi (Monday), mardi (Tuesday), mercredi (Wednesday), jeudi (Thursday), vendredi (Friday), samedi (Saturday), dimanche (Sunday)
  • Months: janvier (January), février (February), mars (March), avril (April), mai (May), juin (June), juillet (July), août (August), septembre (September), octobre (October), novembre (November), décembre (December)

Summary

Mastering date formation in French means remembering the set order with the article le, correctly using the ordinal form 1er for the first day, and noting the lowercase months. Adding the day of the week enhances precision. This lesson prepares you to read, write, and talk about dates naturally in everyday French.

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Calcagni

Languages for communication in international enterprises and organizations

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 17/07/2025 03:34