Learn how to use Italian temporal expressions like "due giorni fa" (two days ago), "la settimana scorsa" (last week), and "il giorno prima" (the day before) to describe past actions with passato prossimo and trapassato prossimo tenses.
  1. A quantity of time + "fa" indicates a past period of time.
  2. "Scorso/a" is used with periods such as weeks, months, years.
  3. "Prima" indicates how much time has passed between two past actions.
Espressione (Expression)Tempo verbale (Tense)Esempio (Example)
Due giorni fa (Two days ago)Passato prossimo (Present perfect)Due giorni fa ho ricevuto il prestito. (Two days ago I received the loan.)
La settimana scorsa (Last week)Passato prossimo (Present perfect)Hanno trasferito i soldi la settimana scorsa. (They transferred the money last week.)
Il mese scorso (Last month)Passato prossimo (Present perfect)Il mese scorso abbiamo aperto un conto. (Last month we opened an account.)
Il giorno prima (The day before)Trapassato prossimo (Past perfect)Avevo prelevato dal bancomat il giorno prima. (I had withdrawn from the cash machine the day before.)
Due ore prima (Two hours before)Trapassato prossimo (Past perfect)Avevamo già ricevuto l’assegno due ore pima. (We had already received the cheque two hours before.)

Exercise 1: Le espressioni temporali

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

ha aperto, avevi ricevuto, Hai trasferito, Avevamo ricevuto, avevi depositato, ho ricevuto, aveva trasferito, abbiamo pagato

1. Pagare:
La settimana scorsa ... in contanti.
(La settimana scorsa abbiamo pagato in contanti.)
2. Ricevere:
Due giorni fa ... l’assegno.
(Due giorni fa ho ricevuto l’assegno.)
3. Depositare:
Tu ... i soldi il giorno prima.
(Tu avevi depositato i soldi il giorno prima.)
4. Trasferire:
Lui ... importo due giorni prima.
(Lui aveva trasferito importo due giorni prima.)
5. Ricevere:
... carta di credito due ore prima.
(Avevamo ricevuto carta di credito due ore prima.)
6. Ricevere:
Tu ... l’assegno prima della scadenza.
(Tu avevi ricevuto l’assegno prima della scadenza.)
7. Aprire:
Lei ... conto bancario la settimana scorsa.
(Lei ha aperto conto bancario la settimana scorsa.)
8. Trasferire:
... denaro la settimana scorsa?
(Hai trasferito denaro la settimana scorsa?)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence that properly uses time expressions to indicate when an action took place.

1.
"Past" must agree in gender and number with 'weeks', but in this sentence it is not the correct form to use.
"Before" is not used with fixed time expressions like 'two weeks'; it is used to indicate the relationship between two past actions.
2.
This sentence is grammatically correct but, in this context, the exercise requires 'last month' to refer to a specific period.
"The month" is incorrect here: 'month' is a masculine noun and requires the article 'last' placed before it.
3.
With the past perfect, it is preferable to use 'before' to emphasize precedence relative to another past event.
The correct expression is 'the day before' to convey anteriority; 'the day last' is not used in this context.
4.
"Past" agrees in gender and number with 'hours', but in this sentence it is not used correctly with 'two hours'.
'Before' requires a prior time reference and is not used alone with 'two hours' in this sentence.

Temporal Expressions in Italian

This lesson focuses on temporal expressions, which are essential for indicating when an action took place in the past. You will learn how to use expressions like "Due giorni fa" (two days ago), "La settimana scorsa" (last week), and "Il giorno prima" (the day before) to specify time frames related to past events using different past tenses.

Key Verbal Tenses Used

  • Passato prossimo: used to express a completed action in the recent past. Examples include "ho ricevuto" (I received) and "hanno trasferito" (they transferred).
  • Trapassato prossimo: used to describe an action that happened before another past action. For example, "avevo prelevato" (I had withdrawn) and "avevamo già ricevuto" (we had already received).

Important Temporal Expressions

  • Due giorni fa: means "two days ago" and signals a past action using "fa" combined with a time quantity.
  • La settimana scorsa, Il mese scorso: refer to "last week" and "last month" respectively, using "scorso/a" with time periods like weeks, months, or years.
  • Il giorno prima: means "the day before," indicating an action prior to another past event, typically paired with trapassato prossimo.
  • Due ore prima: similarly indicates a time difference between two past actions, expressing it happened "two hours earlier. "

How These Expressions Work

Temporal expressions help you specify exactly when an event took place or how much time has elapsed since then. Adding a quantity of time plus "fa" signals that something happened a certain amount of time ago. Conversely, "prima" clarifies the sequence between two past actions.

Comparison to English

Unlike English, where the simple past is mostly sufficient with expressions like "two days ago," Italian distinguishes between past tenses to mark timing more precisely. Expressions like "prima" (before) correspond to English "earlier" or "before," but are carefully used in Italian to mark anteriority between two past events rather than absolute time. Also, the adjective "scorso/a" (last) changes gender and number to agree with the time period (e.g., "la settimana scorsa" for last week, female singular; "gli anni scorsi" for past years, masculine plural).

Useful Phrases and Expressions

  • "Due giorni fa" – Two days ago
  • "La settimana scorsa" – Last week
  • "Il mese scorso" – Last month
  • "Il giorno prima" – The day before
  • "Due ore prima" – Two hours earlier

Mastering these expressions will help you talk accurately about past events and their timing in Italian.

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Fabio Pirioni

Bachelor in Humanities

University of Udine

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Last Updated:

Saturday, 29/11/2025 04:19