Body parts
Części ciała
- Get to know the basic body parts.
- Basic phrases to describe your health.
This lesson introduces essential Polish body parts like głowa (head) and ręka (hand), and health-related expressions such as boleć (to hurt) and gorączka (fever), enabling you to describe pain and symptoms clearly.
Exercises Share Copied!
These exercises can be done together during conversation lessons or as homework.
Exercise 1: Reorder sentences
Instruction: Make correct sentences and translate.
Exercise 2: Match a word
Instruction: Match the translations
Exercise 3: Cluster the words
Instruction: Assign the given words to the appropriate categories to facilitate memorizing the names of body parts and basic health-related phrases.
Części ciała
Zwroty związane ze zdrowiem
Ćwiczenie 4: Conversation exercise
Instrukcja:
- Name the bodyparts. (Name the bodyparts.)
- Describe where it hurts. (Describe where it hurts.)
Teaching guidelines +/- 10 minutes
Example phrases:
|
Stopa ma pięć palców. A foot has five toes. |
|
Głowa ma oczy, uszy, nos i usta. The head has eyes, ears, a nose, and a mouth. |
|
Boli mnie szyja. My neck hurts. |
|
Plecy są połączone z szyją. The back is connected with the neck. |
| ... |
Exercise 5: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Select a situation and practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
Exercise 6: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. Rano zawsze _____ ręce, zanim zjem śniadanie.
(In the morning I always _____ my hands before I eat breakfast.)2. Czy często _____ cię nogi po pracy?
(Do your legs often _____ after work?)3. _____ na spacer z przyjaciółmi wieczorem.
(_____ for a walk with friends in the evening.)4. Moja mama pyta, czy _____ się lepiej po chorobie.
(My mom asks if _____ better after the illness.)Exercise 7: Visit to the Doctor and Description of Pain
Instruction:
Verb Tables
Obudzić się - Wake up
Czas przeszły
- ja obudziłem się
- ty obudziłeś się
- on/ona/ono obudził się
- my obudziliśmy się
- wy obudziliście się
- oni/one obudzili się
Dzwonić - Call
Czas przeszły
- ja zadzwoniłem
- ty zadzwoniłeś
- on/ona/ono zadzwonił
- my zadzwoniliśmy
- wy zadzwoniliście
- oni/one zadzwonili
Boleć - Hurt
Czas teraźniejszy
- ja bolę
- ty bolisz
- on/ona/ono boli
- my bolimy
- wy boliście
- oni/one bolą
Pokazać - Show
Czas przeszły
- ja pokazałem
- ty pokazałeś
- on/ona/ono pokazał
- my pokazaliśmy
- wy pokazaliście
- oni/one pokazali
Zalecić - Recommend
Czas przeszły
- ja zaleciłem
- ty zaleciłeś
- on/ona/ono zalecił
- my zaleciliśmy
- wy zaleciliście
- oni/one zalecili
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Introduction to Body Parts and Health Expressions in Polish
This lesson is designed for beginner-level learners (A1) focusing on essential vocabulary about body parts and common health-related phrases in Polish. It helps you describe physical sensations, express pain, and engage in simple health conversations, such as visiting a doctor or talking with friends about well-being.
Key Vocabulary: Body Parts and Health Terms
You will learn basic parts of the body like głowa (head), ręka (hand/arm), oko (eye), nogi (legs), and usta (mouth). These words are essential when discussing health and symptoms.
Additionally, important health-related verbs and nouns include boleć (to hurt), kaszel (cough), and gorączka (fever), enabling you to describe how you feel and communicate symptoms clearly.
Useful Phrases and Sentence Structures
The lesson features practical expressions such as:
- Boli mnie głowa, muszę odpocząć. – "My head hurts, I need to rest."
- Proszę, dotknij mojej ręki, czy czujesz ból? – "Please, touch my hand, do you feel pain?"
- Mam gorączkę i nie czuję się dobrze. – "I have a fever and I don't feel well."
These examples showcase how to link body parts with descriptions of pain or illness, which are foundational for medical conversations.
Dialogues for Real-Life Practice
You will practice short dialogues covering common scenarios such as doctor visits, discussions about health with friends, and pharmacy interactions. For example:
- At the doctor’s office: "Dzień dobry, boli mnie ręka." – "Good morning, my hand hurts."
- With a friend: "Boli mnie głowa i trochę kaszlę." – "My head hurts, and I’m coughing a bit."
- At the pharmacy: "Czy mają państwo coś na ból głowy?" – "Do you have something for a headache?"
Grammar Focus: Verb Conjugations
The lesson includes exercises to master present tense conjugations of key verbs such as myć (to wash), boleč (to hurt), chodzić (to go/walk), and czuć (to feel). For example, "Rano zawsze myję ręce." means "I always wash my hands in the morning."
Practicing these verbs in context helps you create full sentences about health and daily routines.
Short Story Practice
A mini-story about a doctor's visit incorporates past and present tense verbs related to body parts and symptoms, such as:
- Obudziłem się z bólem głowy. – "I woke up with a headache."
- Zadzwoniłem do lekarza. – "I called the doctor."
- Pokazałem mu swój brzuch oraz rękę. – "I showed him my stomach and hand."
This supports understanding narrative structures and verb forms related to health topics.
Differences Between English and Polish in This Lesson
Polish uses specific verb forms to express bodily pain, often with the verb boleć. Unlike English, which uses "to hurt" or "to be sore," Polish often requires the verb in the third person singular or plural with a pronoun indicating what hurts, e.g., boli mnie głowa (my head hurts). Also, Polish verb conjugation includes person and number distinctions more extensively than English.
Common useful phrases include:
- Boli mnie... – "My ... hurts" (e.g., head, stomach)
- Czy możesz pokazać... – "Can you show..."
- Muszę iść do lekarza. – "I need to go to the doctor."
Understanding these differences enhances effective communication when describing health and body sensations in Polish.
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