26 - Ethical and quality care - Exercises
Exercise 1: Match a word
Instruction: Match each word with its definition.
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Exercise 2:
Exam preparation 
Instruction: Read the text, fill in the gaps with the missing words, and answer the questions below
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Nota interna: privacidad y calidad asistencial
En la planta de hospitalización se recuerda que la de la atención depende también de cómo se protege la información del paciente. El expediente clínico se consulta solo por motivos asistenciales y se evita hablar de casos en pasillos o ascensores. Antes de explicar un procedimiento, se informa al paciente y se comprueba su .
Si el paciente rechaza una actuación, se respeta su y se registra la decisión. Ante una posible , el equipo debe comunicarlo al supervisor y seguir la y legal del centro. El se mantiene también con familiares, salvo autorización expresa del paciente.On the inpatient ward, it is reminded that the quality of care also depends on how patient information is protected. The medical record is consulted only for care-related reasons, and talking about cases in corridors or elevators is avoided. Before explaining a procedure, the patient is informed and their informed consent is verified.
If the patient refuses an intervention, their autonomy is respected and the decision is recorded. In the event of possible professional negligence, the team must report it to the supervisor and follow the center’s ethical and legal regulations. Professional secrecy is also maintained with family members, unless the patient gives explicit authorization.
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¿Qué medidas concretas propone la nota para proteger la privacidad del paciente y qué debe hacer el equipo si detecta un posible error grave?
(What specific measures does the memo propose to protect patient privacy and what should the team do if it detects a possible serious error?)
Exercise 3:
Listening
Instruction: Listen to the audio and answer the questions.
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| True | False | |
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(The nurse refused to show patient information without checking whether there was authorization.) |
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(The nurse talked about the change of medication with the patient in the hallway, in front of other people.) |
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(The patient accepted the change of medication at that moment and the nurse went ahead without anything else.) |
Exercise 4: Verb conjugations
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
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1. Antes de hablar con la familia, la enfermera ___ el expediente clínico y respeta la confidencialidad.
(Before speaking with the family, the nurse ___ the medical record and respects confidentiality.)2. Ayer el paciente ___ el consentimiento informado después de que le explicaran los riesgos.
(Yesterday the patient ___ the informed consent after the risks were explained to him.)3. Si el paciente no quiere dar datos personales, tú ___ su intimidad y lo registras correctamente.
(If the patient does not want to provide personal data, you ___ their privacy and record it correctly.)
Exercise 5:
Dialogue comprehension
Instruction: Practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
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Paciente solicita su expediente
Laura (enfermera): Show Javier, me has dicho que quieres ver tu expediente clínico, ¿verdad? Puedo gestionarlo, pero tenemos que hacerlo por el procedimiento oficial para preservar tu intimidad y la confidencialidad.
(Javier, you told me you want to see your medical record, right? I can arrange it, but we have to do it through the official procedure to protect your privacy and confidentiality.)
Javier (paciente): Show Sí, porque ayer escuché a dos auxiliares comentar mi prueba en el pasillo y me molestó; quiero saber exactamente qué pone y quién lo ha visto.
(Yes, because yesterday I heard two nursing assistants talking about my test in the hallway and it bothered me; I want to know exactly what it says and who has seen it.)
Laura (enfermera): Show Lo entiendo. Tu dignidad y privacidad son prioritarias: voy a informar a la supervisora y solicitaremos la copia según la normativa legal; mientras tanto, nadie debe comentar datos en áreas comunes porque eso vulnera el secreto profesional.
(I understand. Your dignity and privacy are a priority: I’m going to inform the supervisor and we will request the copy according to legal regulations; in the meantime, no one should discuss data in common areas because that violates professional secrecy.)
Javier (paciente): Show Vale. Si se confirma que alguien ha divulgado una confidencia sensible, ¿se puede denunciar?
(Okay. If it’s confirmed that someone has disclosed sensitive confidential information, can it be reported?)
Laura (enfermera): Show Sí, se puede registrar como incidente y se investigará. Es responsabilidad profesional actuar con diligencia y garantizar la calidad de la atención; si hay negligencia o mala praxis, el centro debe corregirlo y, si procede, denunciarlo.
(Yes, it can be logged as an incident and it will be investigated. It is a professional responsibility to act with diligence and ensure the quality of care; if there is negligence or malpractice, the facility must correct it and, if applicable, report it.)
Open questions:
1. ¿Qué le explica Laura a Javier sobre el acceso al expediente clínico y la confidencialidad?
What does Laura explain to Javier about access to the medical record and confidentiality?
Exercise 6: Discussion questions
Instruction: Speaking: translate and respond
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Useful expressions:
En mi experiencia, lo más importante es… / Para preservar la intimidad, suelo… / Antes de actuar, informo al paciente y pido su consentimiento.
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En tu trabajo, ¿qué haces para preservar la privacidad y la confidencialidad cuando hablas con un paciente o con su familia?
In your job, what do you do to preserve privacy and confidentiality when you speak with a patient or with their family?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Describe una situación en la que un paciente rechazó un procedimiento o no entendió la información: ¿cómo actuaste para respetar su voluntad y garantizar la calidad de la atención?
Describe a situation in which a patient refused a procedure or did not understand the information: how did you act to respect their wishes and ensure quality of care?
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Exercise 7: Writing correspondence
Instruction: Write a reply to the following message appropriate to the situation
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Asunto: Consulta rápida sobre un familiar y el expediente clínico
Hola, Laura:
Estoy en la habitación 312 con el Sr. Martín. Su hija me ha pedido “solo un momento” para ver el informe en el ordenador y saber qué dice el médico. El paciente está dormido y, antes, me dijo que no quería hablar de su diagnóstico con la familia.
No quiero equivocarme con la confidencialidad ni con el secreto profesional. ¿Cómo lo harías tú? ¿Le pedimos consentimiento informado al paciente cuando despierte o basta con explicarle a la hija que no podemos facilitar la información?
Gracias, Marta
Subject: Quick question about a family member and the medical record
Hi, Laura:
I’m in room 312 with Mr. Martín. His daughter has asked me for “just a moment” to see the report on the computer and find out what the doctor says. The patient is asleep and, earlier, he told me he didn’t want to talk about his diagnosis with the family.
I don’t want to make a mistake with confidentiality or professional secrecy. How would you do it? Should we ask the patient for informed consent when he wakes up or is it enough to explain to the daughter that we can’t provide the information?
Thanks, Marta
Useful phrases:
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En esta situación, lo más prudente es…
(In this situation, the most prudent thing is…)
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Le explicaría a la familiar que…
(I would explain to the family member that…)
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Cuando el paciente despierte, podemos…
(When the patient wakes up, we can…)
No le enseñaría el expediente clínico a la hija mientras el Sr. Martín no haya dado su consentimiento. Si él ya expresó que no quería hablar del diagnóstico con la familia, hay que respetar su voluntad y preservar su privacidad.
Dile a la hija, con calma, que por confidencialidad y secreto profesional no podemos facilitar información médica sin permiso del paciente. Cuando despierte, pregúntale al Sr. Martín si quiere que informemos a su hija y hasta qué detalle. Si acepta, registramos su consentimiento en el expediente.
Si quieres, voy ahora a la 312 para apoyarte.
Un saludo,
Laura
Hi, Marta:
I wouldn’t show the medical record to the daughter as long as Mr. Martín has not given his consent. If he already stated that he didn’t want to talk about the diagnosis with the family, we must respect his wishes and protect his privacy.
Tell the daughter, calmly, that due to confidentiality and professional secrecy we cannot provide medical information without the patient’s permission. When he wakes up, ask Mr. Martín whether he wants us to inform his daughter and to what level of detail. If he agrees, we record his consent in the record.
If you want, I can go to 312 now to support you.
Best regards,
Laura
