Exercise 1: Match a word
Instruction: Match the items that have a related meaning.
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Exercise 2: Exam preparation (QR: Audio)
Instruction: Read the text, fill in the gaps with the missing words, and answer the questions below
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Aviso interno: señales de alerta en pacientes crónicos
Fill in the gaps: enfermedad crónica, falta de aliento, insuficiencia cardiaca, estable, ajuste la medicación, exacerbación
(Internal notice: warning signs in chronic patients)
En el centro de salud recordamos el plan de cuidados para pacientes con . En las revisiones, confirme si la persona está o si hay una . En la diabetes, revise el control y el tratamiento de mantenimiento. En demencia o párkinson, anote cambios en la marcha, el sueño o el ánimo.
Solicite atención de urgencia si hay en reposo, hinchazón rápida en las piernas o aumento de peso. Estos signos pueden indicar izquierda o derecha. En enfermedad reumática, si hay más dolor y rigidez, según la pauta y registre los síntomas.At the health center we review the care plan for patients with chronic disease. At check-ups, confirm whether the person is stable or whether there is an exacerbation. In diabetes, review control and maintenance treatment. In dementia or Parkinson’s, note changes in gait, sleep, or mood.
Request urgent care if there is shortness of breath at rest, rapid swelling in the legs, or weight gain. These signs may indicate left- or right-sided heart failure. In rheumatic disease, if there is more pain and stiffness, adjust the medication according to the regimen and record the symptoms.
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¿Qué señales del aviso indican que hay que solicitar atención de urgencia y por qué pueden ser importantes en una insuficiencia cardiaca?
(What signs in the notice indicate that urgent care should be requested and why might they be important in heart failure?)
Exercise 3: Listening
Instruction: Listen to the audio and answer the questions.
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| True | False | |
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(The professional says that the patient is usually stable with his treatment, but today shows signs of worsening.) |
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(In the audio it is stated that the patient’s main illness is dementia or Parkinson’s.) |
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(The professional plans to review and adjust the medication now and requests urgent care if severe symptoms appear.) |
Exercise 4: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
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1. Si el paciente con diabetes ___ el plan de cuidados, controla mejor los síntomas.
(If the patient with diabetes ___ the care plan, they control symptoms better.)2. Cuando la insuficiencia cardiaca derecha ___, el paciente retiene líquidos en las piernas.
(When right-sided heart failure ___, the patient retains fluid in the legs.)3. Si el paciente ___ falta de aliento en reposo, solicitamos atención de urgencia.
(If the patient ___ shortness of breath at rest, we request urgent care.)Exercise 5: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
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Exercise 6: Discussion questions (QR: AI+)
Instruction: Speaking: translate and respond (QR: AI+)
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Useful expressions:
Normalmente, para controlar los síntomas, yo… / Según el plan de cuidados, hay que… / Si hay una exacerbación, entonces…
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Un familiar tiene una enfermedad crónica como la diabetes o la EPOC. ¿Qué hace cada día para mantenerse estable y seguir el plan de cuidados?
A family member has a chronic illness such as diabetes or COPD. What do they do every day to stay stable and follow the care plan?
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En tu trabajo observas que un paciente con insuficiencia cardiaca empeora: tiene falta de aire o retiene líquidos. ¿Qué harías en ese momento y cuándo solicitarías atención de urgencia?
At your job you observe that a patient with heart failure is getting worse: they are short of breath or retaining fluids. What would you do at that moment and when would you request emergency care?
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Exercise 7: Writing correspondence (QR: AI+)
Instruction: Write a reply to the following message appropriate to the situation
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Hola, Marta. Soy Laura, la enfermera del turno de mañana.
El Sr. Pérez (72) tiene insuficiencia cardiaca y diabetes. Hoy dice que tiene falta de aliento al caminar y nota las piernas más hinchadas. Ayer estaba bastante bien, pero ahora parece que empeora. Está tomando su medicación como siempre (tratamiento de mantenimiento), pero no sé si hay que ajustar la medicación o solicitar atención de urgencia. ¿Puedes llamarlo tú esta tarde?
Hi, Marta. I’m Laura, the nurse on the morning shift.
Mr. Pérez (72) has heart failure and diabetes. Today he says he has shortness of breath when walking and notices his legs are more swollen. Yesterday he was doing quite well, but now it seems he is getting worse. He is taking his medication as usual (maintenance treatment), but I don’t know whether we need to adjust the medication or request emergency care. Can you call him this afternoon?
Useful phrases:
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Gracias por avisar. Esta tarde puedo llamarlo y preguntarle si…
(Thanks for letting me know. This afternoon I can call him and ask if…)
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Si sigue con falta de aliento o retiene líquidos, será mejor…
(If he still has shortness of breath or is retaining fluids, it would be better to…)
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¿Sabes si hoy está estable o ha empeorado desde ayer?
(Do you know if he is stable today or has worsened since yesterday?)
Voy a preguntarle si la falta de aliento aparece en reposo, si duerme peor y si ha notado aumento de peso o retención de líquidos. Si está muy cansado, con falta de aire intensa o con dolor en el pecho, le digo que solicite atención de urgencia.
Si no es tan grave, le recuerdo que siga el plan de cuidados y que controle los síntomas. ¿Tienes su última tensión y glucemia de hoy?
Hi, Laura. Thanks for letting me know. Yes, I’ll call him this afternoon.
I’m going to ask him whether the shortness of breath happens at rest, whether he’s sleeping worse, and whether he has noticed weight gain or fluid retention. If he is very tired, with severe shortness of breath, or with chest pain, I’ll tell him to seek emergency care.
If it’s not that serious, I’ll remind him to follow the care plan and monitor symptoms. Do you have his latest blood pressure and blood glucose from today?