Exercise 1: Match a word
Instruction: Match each word with its definition.
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Exercise 2: Exam preparation (QR: Audio)
Instruction: Read the text, fill in the gaps with the missing words, and answer the questions below
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Nota interna: apoyo en comidas y control de hidratación
Fill in the gaps: vaso medidor, deshidratación, adaptador para sorber, disfagia, registro de líquidos, balance hídrico, diuresis
(Internal note: support during meals and hydration monitoring)
En la planta, el equipo recuerda que algunos pacientes presentan . Para reducir el riesgo de atragantamiento se revisa la textura de la dieta y se ofrecen pequeños sorbos con o . Si aparece tos al tragar, voz “húmeda” o restos de comida en la boca, se avisa a enfermería y se registra la incidencia.
Durante el turno se completa el (ingesta y ). Al final del día se calcula el y se observan signos de : boca seca, cansancio, orina oscura o poca cantidad. Si el paciente tiene restricción de líquidos o alimentación por sonda, se siguen las pautas indicadas y se anotan los volúmenes administrados.On the ward, the team reminds everyone that some patients have dysphagia. To reduce the risk of choking, the texture of the diet is reviewed and small sips are offered with a measuring cup or a sipping adapter. If coughing occurs when swallowing, a “wet” voice, or food remains in the mouth, nursing staff are informed and the incident is recorded.
During the shift, the fluid chart is completed (intake and urine output). At the end of the day, the fluid balance is calculated and signs of dehydration are observed: dry mouth, tiredness, dark urine, or low volume. If the patient has a fluid restriction or is fed via a tube, the indicated guidelines are followed and the administered volumes are recorded.
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¿Qué medidas concretas indica el texto para reducir el riesgo de atragantamiento y cómo se controla la hidratación durante el turno?
(What specific measures does the text indicate to reduce the risk of choking, and how is hydration monitored during the shift?)
Exercise 3: Listening
Instruction: Listen to the audio and answer the questions.
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| True | False | |
|---|---|---|
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(The professional adapts the food and drinks to reduce the risk of choking and aspiration.) |
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(They do not need to measure the amount of water because they only record what the patient eliminates.) |
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(The previous day's fluid balance was low, so today they will check for signs of dehydration.) |
Exercise 4: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
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1. Si el paciente tiene disfagia, le ___ pequeños sorbos y la consistencia espesa.
(If the patient has dysphagia, we ___ them small sips and a thick consistency.)2. Hoy ___ la diuresis en el balance hídrico y apuntas la ingesta total.
(Today you ___ the urine output in the fluid balance and note the total intake.)3. Antes de dar agua, ___ si hay signos de deshidratación.
(Before giving water, we ___ if there are signs of dehydration.)Exercise 5: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
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Exercise 6: Discussion questions (QR: AI+)
Instruction: Speaking: translate and respond (QR: AI+)
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Useful expressions:
En mi turno suelo... / Para evitar la aspiración, es mejor... / Según el registro de líquidos, la ingesta y la diuresis...
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Estás ayudando a un paciente que tose al beber agua. ¿Qué harías para evitar que se atragante y cómo se lo explicarías en una frase?
You are helping a patient who coughs when drinking water. What would you do to prevent them from choking, and how would you explain it in one sentence?
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Durante tu turno debes controlar la hidratación de un paciente. ¿Qué datos anotarías en el registro de líquidos (ingesta y diuresis) y qué signo de deshidratación vigilarías?
During your shift you must monitor a patient's hydration. What data would you record in the fluid chart (intake and urine output), and what sign of dehydration would you watch for?
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Exercise 7: Writing correspondence (QR: AI+)
Instruction: Write a reply to the following message appropriate to the situation
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Hola, Marta:
En el turno de mañana, el Sr. Gómez (hab. 214) tosió varias veces al beber agua y dijo que “se le va por el otro lado”. Por favor, hoy vigila si hay disfagia y riesgo de aspiración (mejor ofrecer consistencia espesa y pequeños sorbos si hace falta).
Además, completa el registro de líquidos (I/O) del día: anota ingesta y diuresis con el vaso medidor y avísame si ves signos de deshidratación.
Gracias,
Laura Sánchez, supervisora
Hello, Marta:
On the morning shift, Mr. Gómez (room 214) coughed several times while drinking water and said that “it goes down the wrong way.” Please, today monitor whether there is dysphagia and risk of aspiration (it’s best to offer thick consistency and small sips if needed).
Also, complete the day’s fluid chart (I/O): record intake and urine output using the measuring cup and let me know if you see signs of dehydration.
Thank you,
Laura Sánchez, supervisor
Useful phrases:
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Hoy me encargo de revisarlo y de completar el registro de líquidos.
(Today I’ll take care of checking on him and completing the fluid chart.)
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Para evitar atragantarse, puedo ofrecerle líquidos con consistencia espesa y en pequeños sorbos.
(To avoid choking, I can offer him liquids with thick consistency and in small sips.)
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¿Me confirmas si hay alguna restricción de líquidos o indicación médica?
(Can you confirm whether there is any fluid restriction or medical instruction?)
De acuerdo. Hoy revisaré al Sr. Gómez durante las comidas y cuando beba, para ver si aparece tos, voz “húmeda” o dificultad al tragar. Para reducir el riesgo de aspiración, le ofreceré líquidos con consistencia espesa y en pequeños sorbos, y le indicaré que coma y beba despacio.
También completaré el registro de líquidos (I/O) del turno: mediré la ingesta con el vaso medidor y anotaré la diuresis según lo que se registre. Si observo signos de deshidratación (boca seca, poca orina o orina muy oscura), te aviso enseguida.
¿Hay alguna restricción de líquidos o una textura modificada indicada por enfermería o el médico?
Un saludo,
Marta
Hello, Laura:
Okay. Today I will check on Mr. Gómez during meals and when he drinks, to see whether coughing, a “wet” voice, or difficulty swallowing occurs. To reduce the risk of aspiration, I will offer him liquids with thick consistency and in small sips, and I will advise him to eat and drink slowly.
I will also complete the shift fluid chart (I/O): I will measure intake with the measuring cup and record urine output according to what is documented. If I observe signs of dehydration (dry mouth, little urine, or very dark urine), I will let you know right away.
Is there any fluid restriction or a modified texture indicated by nursing staff or the doctor?
Best regards,
Marta