Calendar dates and holidays
Календарни дати и празници
- The basic dates and holidays
This lesson introduces key Bulgarian vocabulary for dates and holidays, including "Коледа" (Christmas), "Великден" (Easter), "месец" (month), and "ден" (day), helping you discuss calendar terms and festive occasions confidently.
Exercises Share Copied!
These exercises can be done together during conversation lessons or as homework.
Exercise 1: Reorder sentences
Instruction: Make correct sentences and translate.
Exercise 2: Match a word
Instruction: Match the translations
Exercise 3: Cluster the words
Instruction: Categorize the words into two groups according to their meaning in relation to time with examples and data from the calendar.
Празници
Дати и дни
Упражнение 4: Conversation exercise
Инструкция:
- Say the name of the holiday and it's date. (Say the name of the holiday and it's date.)
- What are your plans for the holidays? With whom are you going to spend it? (What are your plans for the holidays? With whom are you going to spend it?)
- What day is today? (What day is today?)
Teaching guidelines +/- 10 minutes
Example phrases:
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Коледа е на двадесет и петдесети декември. Christmas is the twenty-fifth of December. |
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Лятната ваканция е през юли и август. Summer holiday is in July and august. |
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Великден винаги е на различна дата. Easter is always on another date. |
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Планирам да празнувам Коледа със семейството си. I plan to celebrate christmas with my family. |
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Ще празнувам Нова година с приятелите си. I am going to celebrate new year's with my friends. |
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Днес е четиринадесети февруари 2025 г. Today is the forteenth of february of 2025. |
| ... |
Exercise 5: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Select a situation and practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
Exercise 6: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. Днес ___ първият ден на месеца.
(Day ___ is the first day of the month.)2. Коледа ___ през декември.
(The team ___ playing before December.)3. През зимата времето ___ студено.
(Before the time ___ he is a student.)4. На 3 март ние ___ национален празник.
(At 3 o’clock, we ___ watching the national news.)Exercise 7: Calendar and verbs in present tense
Instruction:
Verb Tables
Планирам - Plan
сегашно време
- аз планирам
- ти планираш
- той/тя/то планира
- ние планираме
- вие планирате
- те планират
Чества - Count
сегашно време
- аз чествам
- ти чествуваш
- той/тя/то чества
- ние честваме
- вие чествате
- те честват
Готвя - Guess
сегашно време
- аз готвя
- ти готвиш
- той/тя/то готви
- ние готвим
- вие готвите
- те готвят
Говоря - Speak
сегашно време
- аз говоря
- ти говориш
- той/тя/то говори
- ние говорим
- вие говорите
- те говорят
Празнувам - Puzzle
сегашно време
- аз празнувам
- ти празнуваш
- той/тя/то празнува
- ние празнуваме
- вие празнувате
- те празнуват
Купувам - Buy
сегашно време
- аз купувам
- ти купуваш
- той/тя/то купува
- ние купуваме
- вие купувате
- те купуват
Излизам - Unlock
сегашно време
- аз излизам
- ти излизаш
- той/тя/то излиза
- ние излизаме
- вие излизате
- те излизат
Работя - Work
сегашно време
- аз работя
- ти работиш
- той/тя/то работи
- ние работим
- вие работите
- те работят
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Lesson Overview: Calendar Dates and Holidays in Bulgarian
This lesson introduces essential vocabulary and expressions related to calendar dates and national holidays in Bulgarian. It is designed for beginners at the A1 level, focusing on practical language use to understand, discuss, and recognize important dates on the calendar.
Key Vocabulary Categories
- Seasons and Periods of the Year: Коледа (Christmas), Великден (Easter), Нова година (New Year), Имен ден (Name Day)
- Dates and Days: седмица (week), месец (month), ден (day), година (year)
Main Expressions and Phrases
The lesson provides important phrases for asking and answering questions about dates and holidays, such as:
- Кога е националният празник на България? - "When is Bulgaria's national holiday?"
- Празнуваме Коледа на двадесет и пет декември. - "We celebrate Christmas on December 25th."
- Моята любима дата е първи март, когато празнуваме Баба Марта. - "My favorite date is March 1st, when we celebrate Baba Marta."
Understanding Dates in Bulgarian
Learning how to state dates clearly is key. Bulgarian uses ordinal numbers for dates and typically mentions the day before the month, for example, "първи март" (the first of March). Understanding this order is essential for accurate communication.
Cultural Highlights: Holidays
The lesson also touches on Bulgarian cultural traditions linked to dates, such as:
- Великден (Easter) – a major holiday with traditional celebrations.
- Баба Марта (Baba Marta) on March 1st – a holiday symbolizing spring.
Differences and Useful Notes for English Speakers
In Bulgarian, unlike English, the day is usually expressed before the month (e.g., "първи март" versus "March first"). Family and national celebrations are often closely tied to specific dates, and these cultural aspects enrich learning beyond mere vocabulary.
Useful phrases include:
- Кажи ми датата. – "Tell me the date."
- Колко е часът? – "What time is it?" (often asked together with date-related questions)
This lesson builds a foundation for discussing dates and holidays confidently in Bulgarian, combining vocabulary, cultural understanding, and everyday expressions.
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