The indirect interrogative clause (où, si, comment)

La proposition interrogative indirecte (où, si, comment)


La proposition interrogative indirecte est introduite par un verbe comme demander, vouloir savoir, ignorer, expliquer, se demander.

(Indirect questions are introduced by a verb such as demander, vouloir savoir, ignorer, expliquer, se demander.)

What an indirect question is (and why French changes the word order)

In French, an indirect question is a question embedded inside a statement.

  • Direct question = asked as a question: Où commence la scène ?
  • Indirect question = reported/thought/known: Je demande où commence la scène.

The key idea: in an indirect question, French generally uses statement word order (no “question mechanics”).

Step-by-step: how to transform a direct question into an indirect one

  1. Choose an “information” verb (knowing / asking / explaining).

    demander, vouloir savoir, se demander, expliquer, apprendre, préciser, ignorer…

  2. Keep the same question word (où, quand, pourquoi, comment, etc.)

    Or use si for a yes/no question.

  3. Remove inversion (no -t-il / -t-elle, no est-ce que).

  4. Keep the tense that fits the meaning in the embedded clause.

Word order: what disappears in an indirect question

Direct question form Indirect question form
Pourquoi la scène change-t-elle ? … pourquoi la scène change.
Est-ce que le scénario fonctionne ? si le scénario fonctionne.
Qu’est-ce que cela signifie ? ce que cela signifie.
  • No question mark is needed inside the sentence.
  • The embedded clause behaves like a normal subordinate clause.

Choosing the right starter: si vs. a question word

  • Yes/No (closed) question → use si:

    Il veut savoir si le scénario fonctionne.

  • Information (open) question → keep the question word:

    Elle demande quand l’acte finit.

Common pitfall: don’t use est-ce que in indirect questions.

ce que vs ce qui: the one choice that matters most

English often uses one word (“what”), but French splits it based on the role in the embedded clause:

Form Role inside the embedded clause Example (correct)
ce que object (the action happens to “what”) Il précise ce que la réplique signifie.
ce qui subject ( “what” does the action ) Tu te demandes ce qui a causé ce succès.
  • Quick test: if you can replace “what” with something + verb, it’s often ce qui.

    Something caused the successce qui a causé…

  • If there is already a clear subject doing the action, “what” is often the objectce que.

    The line means somethingce que la réplique signifie

Prepositions stay: à qui, de quoi, etc.

If the direct question uses a preposition, keep it in the indirect question.

  • À qui parle-t-il ?Il cherche à qui parle le personnage.
  • De quoi s’agit-il ?Explique-moi de quoi il s’agit.

Common pitfall: don’t drop the preposition (especially with parler à, penser à, se souvenir de).

Self-check: 4 things to verify before you move on

  1. Did I choose si (yes/no) or a question word (info)?

  2. Did I remove est-ce que and inversion?

  3. Did I pick the right form: ce que (object) vs ce qui (subject)?

  4. If there is a preposition in the direct question, did I keep it?

  1. The verb that introduces it is generally linked to knowledge and takes the indicative: it expresses something you want to know or that you don’t know (savoir, expliquer, se demander, apprendre, etc.).
  2. It is introduced by si for a yes/no question, or by an interrogative marker: où, quand, pourquoi, comment, ce que, ce qui, à qui, de quoi, lequel, ....
Question directe (Direct question)Question indirecte (Indirect question)
Où commence la scène ? (Where does the scene begin?)Je demande commence la scène. (I’m asking where the scene begins.)
Est-ce que le scénario fonctionne ? (Does the script work?)Il veut savoir si le scénario fonctionne. (He wants to know if the script works.)
Comment joue-t-elle ? (How does she act?)Elle explique comment l'actrice joue. (She explains how the actress acts.)
Pourquoi la trame change-t-elle ? (Why does the plot change?)Nous ignorons pourquoi la trame change. (We don’t know why the plot changes.)
Qu’est-ce que cela signifie ? (What does that mean?)Il précise ce que la réplique signifie. (He specifies what the line means.)
Qu'est-ce qui a causé ce succès ? (What caused this success?)Tu te demandes ce qui a causé ce succès. (You’re wondering what caused this success.)
À qui parle-t-il ? (Who is he talking to?)Il cherche à qui parle le personnage. (He’s trying to find out who the character is talking to.)
Quand finit l'acte ? (When does the act end?)Elle demande quand l'acte finit. (She asks when the act ends.)

Exceptions!

  1. In an indirect question, subject–verb inversion is generally removed: pourquoi la scène change-t-elle ? -> Nous ignorons pourquoi la scène change.

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1. Je me demande ___ commence réellement la scène d'ouverture, car le montage brouille la chronologie.

I wonder ___ the opening scene really begins, because the editing blurs the chronology.

2. Le metteur en scène veut savoir ___ le public a compris la trame dès le premier acte.

The director wants to know ___ the audience understood the plot from the very first act.

3. Explique-moi ___ tu as dirigé l'interprétation de l'actrice pendant le monologue.

Explain to me ___ you directed the actress's performance during the monologue.

4. Personne n'a pu m'expliquer ___ a déclenché ce changement brutal dans l'arc narratif du personnage secondaire.

No one was able to explain to me ___ triggered that abrupt change in the secondary character's narrative arc.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Transform each direct question into an indirect interrogative clause by introducing it with the indicated verb and removing the subject–verb inversion. Example: Où est la sortie ? → Il demande où est la sortie.

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Hint Hint (demander) Où se déroule le tournage ?
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Le journaliste demande où se déroule le tournage.
    (The journalist asks where the filming is taking place.)
  2. Hint Hint (vouloir savoir) Est-ce que la critique a été positive ?
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Nous voulons savoir si la critique a été positive.
    (We want to know whether the review was positive.)
  3. Hint Hint (se demander) Pourquoi le réalisateur a-t-il coupé cette scène ?
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Les spectateurs se demandent pourquoi le réalisateur a coupé cette scène.
    (The audience wonders why the director cut this scene.)
  4. Hint Hint (expliquer) Comment les acteurs se sont-ils préparés pour ce rôle ?
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Elle explique comment les acteurs se sont préparés pour ce rôle.
    (She explains how the actors prepared for this role.)

Exercise 3: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence.

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1.
In an indirect interrogative we do not use “is it that”; you have to say “know whether…”.
2.
Error: the inversion “does she act” does not appear in an indirect question.

Written by

This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

Profile Picture

Marco De Faria

Master in Foreign Languages

University of Poitiers

University_Logo

France


Last Updated:

Tuesday, 14/07/2026 19:28