El pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo expresa una acción pasada relacionada con el presente o el futuro.
(The present perfect subjunctive expresses a past action related to the present or the future.)
- Haber (subjunctive) + past participle ⇒ Que yo haya invitado
- It is used after expressions of doubt, emotion, evaluation, negation ⇒ No es verdad que haya escrito esa carta
| Verbos en -ar: Organiza (-ar verbs: Organizar) | Verbos en -er: Comer (-er verbs: Comer) | Verbos en -ir: Servir (-ir verbs: Servir) |
| Que yo haya organizado (That I have organized) | Que yo haya comido (That I have eaten) | Que yo haya servido (That I have served) |
| Que tú hayas organizado (That you have organized) | Que tú hayas comido (That you have eaten) | Que tú hayas servido (That you have served) |
| Que él/ella/usted haya organizado (That he/she/you (formal) has organized) | Que él haya comido (That he has eaten) | Que él haya servido (That he has served) |
| Que nosotros/as hayamos organizado (That we have organized) | Que nosotros hayamos comido (That we have eaten) | Que nosotros hayamos servido (That we have served) |
| Que vosotros/as hayáis organizado (That you (plural, informal, Spain) have organized) | Que vosotros hayáis comido (That you (plural, informal, Spain) have eaten) | Que vosotros hayáis servido (That you (plural, informal, Spain) have served) |
| Que ellos/ellas/ustedes hayan organizado (That they/you (plural) have organized) | Que ellos hayan comido (That they have eaten) | Que ellos hayan servido (That they have served) |
Exceptions!
- Common irregular past participles ⇒ hecho, dicho, escrito, visto, puesto, abierto, roto...
- After cuando, to talk about the future, the subjunctive is used ⇒ Cuando se haya marchado, avisamos a sus padres
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
Instruction: Choose the correct answer
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1. Me alegra que el restaurante de cuatro tenedores nos ____ confirmado el banquete tan pronto.
I’m glad that the four-fork restaurant has ____ confirmed the banquet for us so soon.2. No creo que el barman ____ todas las botellas todavía; en la barra solo hay dos frías.
I don’t think the barman ____ all the bottles yet; at the bar there are only two cold ones.3. Dudo que los proveedores ____ opciones comestibles para quienes tienen una preferencia dietética estricta.
I doubt that the suppliers ____ edible options for those who have a strict dietary preference.4. Cuando todos se ____ sentado a la mesa, retiramos el primer plato y sacamos los pinchos.
When everyone ____ sat down at the table, we clear the first course and bring out the skewers.Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite each sentence using the present perfect subjunctive (haber in the subjunctive + past participle), keeping the original idea. Example: “Estoy contento: has venido” → “Estoy contento de que hayas venido.”
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleMe alegra que hayáis organizado la reunión a tiempo.(I’m glad that you (plural) have organized the meeting on time.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleDudo que él haya firmado el contrato sin leerlo.(I doubt that he has signed the contract without reading it.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleNo es verdad que ella haya escrito ese correo tan tarde.(It’s not true that she has written that email so late.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleNos preocupa que los proveedores no hayan servido el menú acordado.(We’re concerned that the suppliers haven’t served the agreed-upon menu.)
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct option in each case.
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