Estos adverbios expresan necesidad, obligación, emoción o valoración personal del hablante.
(These adverbs express the speaker’s necessity, obligation, emotion, or personal evaluation.)
| Adverb | Example |
| Inevitablemente | Si no cotizas, inevitablemente pierdes la prestación. (If you don’t pay social security contributions, inevitably you lose the benefit.) |
| Necesariamente | La empresa debe, necesariamente, cotizar a la Seguridad Social. (The company must, necessarily, pay social security contributions.) |
| Afortunadamente | Afortunadamente, superó el periodo de prueba sin problemas. (Fortunately, they passed the probation period without problems.) |
| Desgraciadamente | Desgraciadamente, no cobraron la paga extra este mes. (Unfortunately, they didn’t receive the extra pay this month.) |
| Lamentablemente | No podemos pedir más días libres, lamentablemente. (We can’t ask for more days off, unfortunately.) |
| Correctamente | La empresa pagó generosamente las horas extra. (The company paid overtime generously.) |
| Personalmente | Personalmente, prefiero tener flexibilidad de horario. (Personally, I prefer to have flexible hours.) |
Exceptions!
- Adverbs never change form.
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
Instruction: Choose the correct answer
1. __________, el comité de empresa logró que las horas extra se pagaran correctamente.
__________, the works council managed to get overtime paid correctly.2. __________, este año no vamos a cobrar la paga extra de Navidad.
__________, this year we will not receive the extra Christmas bonus.3. Para tener derecho a la jubilación anticipada, __________ tienes que haber cotizado a la Seguridad Social un mínimo de años.
To be eligible for early retirement, __________ you must have contributed to Social Security for a minimum number of years.4. __________, prefiero tener flexibilidad de horario antes que cobrar una pequeña paga extra.
__________, I prefer flexible working hours rather than receiving a small extra payment.Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite the sentences by adding the adverb indicated to express necessity, obligation, emotion or personal judgement; place it in the most natural position.
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleSi no respetas el contrato, inevitablemente pierdes algunos derechos.(If you don’t respect the contract, you inevitably lose some rights.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleLa empresa debe, necesariamente, cotizar a la Seguridad Social.(The company must necessarily contribute to Social Security.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleEl trabajador tiene que aceptar, forzosamente, el nuevo horario.(The employee has to accept the new schedule.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleAfortunadamente, superó el periodo de prueba sin problemas.(Fortunately, they passed the probationary period without any problems.)
Exercise 3: Grammar in action
Instruction: In pairs, negotiate working conditions using evaluative adverbs.
- ¿Qué cambios pedirías en la flexibilidad de horario y por qué? (What changes would you request to scheduling flexibility, and why?)
- ¿Es aceptable cobrar una sola paga extra al año? Argumenta tu postura con ejemplos laborales reales o hipotéticos. (Is it acceptable to receive only one extra paycheck a year? Defend your position with real or hypothetical workplace examples.)
- cotizar a la Seguridad Social (contribute to Social Security)
- comité de empresa (works council)
- flexibilidad de horario / día libre / paga extra (scheduling flexibility / day off / extra pay)
- Personalmente / lamentablemente / afortunadamente + frase (Personally / unfortunately / fortunately + phrase)
- Necesariamente / inevitablemente + frase (Necessarily / inevitably + phrase)
- Forzosamente / correctamente + frase (By force / correctly + phrase)
