Subordinate clauses with que: resultar que, faltar que, bastar que

Subordinadas con "que": resultar que, faltar que, bastar que


Usamos frases con "que" después de ciertos verbos para explicar hechos, ideas, información, deseos o consecuencias.

(We use phrases with "que" after certain verbs to explain facts, ideas, information, wishes, or consequences.)

The core choice: Indicative vs. Subjunctive after que

In these structures, the first verb decides the mood of the verb after que.

What you express Typical mood after que Quick English equivalent
A fact / conclusion / perception (you treat it as true) Indicative “I think/It turns out that…”
Need / recommendation / desire / impact you want to cause Subjunctive “It’s necessary that… / I want you to…”

A reliable shortcut: “head verbs” vs. “heart verbs”

Use this as a fast decision tool.

Head verbs → usually Indicative
(belief, opinion, noticing)

creer, pensar: Creo que el plan funciona.

notar, oír, imaginar: Imagino que ya pasó la tormenta.

resultar, quedar, constar: Resulta evidente que el problema es grave.

Heart verbs → Subjunctive
(need, desire, advice, cause)

faltar, bastar: Falta que actuemos ahora.

aconsejar, sugerir, pedir: Aconsejaron que redujéramos el consumo.

querer, desear: Queremos que se proteja la biosfera.

causar, provocar, determinar: La sequía provocó que el río se secara.

The big “trap”: a head verb in the negative flips to Subjunctive

With creer/pensar (and similar “head verbs”), the mood often changes when you deny the idea.

  • Affirmative → Indicative

    Creo que el río se ha desbordado.

  • Negative → Subjunctive

    No creo que el aviso sea exagerado.

Self-check: If in English you naturally say “I don’t think (that)…”, Spanish usually wants subjunctive after que.

Saying vs. asking: decir / preguntar can be Indicative or Subjunctive

These verbs don’t decide by themselves. What matters is the meaning: information vs instruction/request.

  • Reporting information → Indicative

    El responsable dijo que era peligroso bañarse en el embalse.

  • Requesting/insisting/suggesting → Subjunctive

    El responsable dijo que no nos bañáramos en el embalse.

  • Asking for information → depends on certainty

    Preguntó si el río se había desbordado. (checking a fact)

    Preguntó que qué medidas tomáramos. (asking what we should do)

Faltar and bastar: when to use que + subjunctive vs. the infinitive

These two often confuse learners because both options can be correct, but they mean different things.

Use Form Example
You mention a specific subject (who must do it) Falta/Basta que + subjunctive

Basta con que el equipo se ponga los EPIs.

Falta que nosotros coordinemos la limpieza.

You speak generally (no “who”) Falta/Basta + infinitive

Basta reducir el consumo.

Falta actuar con rapidez.

Quick test: Can you add “for someone to…” in English? If yes, Spanish often prefers que + subjunctive.

Step-by-step decision checklist (fast)

  1. Identify the first verb/expression before que.

  2. Is it a head verb (belief/perception/conclusion)?

    • Yes → Indicative.

    • If it’s negative (No creo/No pienso…) → Subjunctive.

  3. Is it a heart verb (need/want/advice/cause)? → Subjunctive.

  4. Is it decir/preguntar?

    • Reporting info → usually Indicative.

    • Giving instructions / requesting → Subjunctive.

  5. With faltar/bastar: if the action is general → switch to infinitive.

Common micro-errors to avoid

  • After “No creo que…” don’t use indicative

    No creo que es exagerado. → No creo que sea exagerado.

  • Don’t force “que” if you choose the infinitive

    Falta que actuar. → Falta actuar.

  • Don’t use infinitive when you clearly name the subject

    Basta el equipo ponerse los EPIs. → Basta con que el equipo se ponga los EPIs.

  1. Indicative ⇒ Head verbs (constar, resultar, quedar, creer, pensar, notar, oír, imaginar)
  2. Subjunctive ⇒ Heart verbs (faltar, bastar, aconsejar, sugerir, pedir, querer, desear, causar, provocar, determinar)
  3. Indicative / Subjunctive ⇒ decir, preguntar
VerbosEjemplo
Faltar, BastarFalta que actuemos ahora. (We still need to act now.)
Resultar, QuedarResulta evidente que el problema es grave. (It is clear that the problem is serious.)
Creer, PensarCreemos que la sequía es grave. (We believe that the drought is serious.)
Decir, PreguntarNo dijo que fuera peligroso. (He/She didn’t say it was dangerous.)
Notar, Oír, ImaginarImagino que ya pasó la tormenta. (I imagine the storm already passed.)
Aconsejar, Sugerir, PedirAconsejaron que redujéramos el consumo. (They advised that we reduce consumption.)
Querer, DesearQueremos que se proteja la biosfera. (We want the biosphere to be protected.)
Causar, Provocar, DeterminarLa sequía provocó que el río se secara. (The drought caused the river to dry up.)

Exceptions!

  1. With faltar and bastar, if the action is general and we don’t say who does it, we use the infinitive (⇒ Falta que actuemos ⇒ Falta actuar).
  2. Subject + head verbs = indicative. (e.g. Creo que él llega temprano.)
  3. Subject + no + head verbs = subjunctive. (e.g. No creo que él llegue temprano.)

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

1. Resulta preocupante que en este barrio ___ agotado la biomasa disponible para calefacción.

It is worrying that in this neighborhood ___ the biomass available for heating has been exhausted.

2. Solo falta que ___ el sendero señalizado para preservar el ecosistema.

All that remains is for us ___ the marked path to preserve the ecosystem.

3. Basta con que el equipo de limpieza ___ los EPIs antes de entrar en la playa contaminada.

It is enough that the cleanup team ___ the PPE before entering the contaminated beach.

4. No creo que el aviso de Protección Civil ___ exagerado: el río ya se ha desbordado.

I don't think the Civil Protection warning ___ exaggerated: the river has already overflowed.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite each sentence using “que + indicative/subjunctive” according to the verb: verbs of the head → indicative (if they are negative → subjunctive); verbs of the heart → subjunctive.

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Hint Hint (Resulta) Es evidente: el consumo de agua en la ciudad ha bajado.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Resulta evidente que el consumo de agua en la ciudad ha bajado.
    (It is evident that water consumption in the city has gone down.)
  2. Hint Hint (Creo) En mi opinión, la campaña funciona porque da instrucciones claras.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Creo que la campaña funciona porque da instrucciones claras.
    (I think that the campaign works because it gives clear instructions.)
  3. Hint Hint (No creo) No estoy convencido de que el ayuntamiento tenga un plan realista para el verano.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    No creo que el ayuntamiento tenga un plan realista para el verano.
    (I don't believe that the city council has a realistic plan for the summer.)
  4. El responsable nos dijo: «Es peligroso bañarse en el embalse ahora».
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    El responsable nos dijo que era peligroso bañarse en el embalse ahora.
    (The person in charge told us that it was dangerous to bathe in the reservoir now.)

Exercise 3: Grammar in action

Instruction: In pairs, propose and defend an urgent plan to management.

Show/Hide translation
Situation
En la empresa, una marea negra amenaza la zona protegida cercana.
(At the company, an oil slick is threatening the nearby protected area.)

Discuss
  • ¿Qué resulta evidente que ha fallado en la prevención del impacto medioambiental? (What is clearly missing in the prevention of the environmental impact?)
  • ¿Qué medidas bastan hoy para proteger el ecosistema y la biosfera? ¿Qué falta que haga el ayuntamiento? (What measures are sufficient today to protect the ecosystem and the biosphere? What else does the city council need to do?)

Useful words and phrases
  • Resulta evidente que el impacto medioambiental será grave. (It is clear that the environmental impact will be severe.)
  • Basta reducir el consumo y activar el ahorro energético. (Reducing consumption and activating energy-saving measures is enough.)
  • Falta coordinar la limpieza para proteger la zona protegida y la biosfera. (Coordination of the cleanup is lacking to protect the protected area and the biosphere.)

Use in conversation
  • Resulta + adjetivo que + indicativo (Resulta + adjective + que + indicative)
  • Bastar/Faltar que + subjuntivo (o infinitivo si es general) (Bastar/Faltar que + subjunctive (or infinitive if general))
  • No creo que + subjuntivo (No creo que + subjunctive)

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Amoroso

Master of Languages, Cultures, Communication

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Saturday, 11/04/2026 10:07