El estilo indirecto sirve para referir información, opiniones o preguntas que otra persona expresó antes.
(Reported speech is used to convey information, opinions or questions that another person expressed before.)
- Verbs of speaking + que / si ⇒ introduce reported speech
- Verb of speaking in the past ⇒ the verb tense is adjusted.
- Indirect questions ⇒ without ¿?, with si or a question word.
| Verb of speaking | Direct speech | Example of reported speech |
| Decir | «Tengo experiencia laboral en recursos humanos» ("I have work experience in human resources") | Dice que tiene experiencia laboral en recursos humanos. (He/She says that he/she has work experience in human resources.) |
| Afirmar | «Mi perfil profesional es muy completo» ("My professional profile is very complete") | Afirmó que su perfil profesional era muy completo. (He/She stated that his/her professional profile was very complete.) |
| Explicar | «He actualizado el currículum esta semana» ("I have updated my CV this week") | Explicó que había actualizado el currículum. (He/She explained that he/she had updated the CV.) |
| Preguntar | «¿Tienes disponibilidad inmediata?» ("Are you available to start immediately?") | Preguntó si tenía disponibilidad inmediata. (He/She asked if he/she was available to start immediately.) |
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
Instruction: Choose the correct answer
1. La orientadora ____ que tu perfil profesional era muy completo y que podías optar a ese puesto de trabajo.
The counselor ____ that your professional profile was very complete and that you could apply for that job.)2. En la entrevista, Marta explicó que ____ el currículum la semana anterior para incluir su última experiencia laboral.
In the interview, Marta explained that ____ her résumé the previous week to include her most recent work experience.)3. El responsable de recursos humanos preguntó ____ tenías disponibilidad inmediata para incorporarte a la empresa.
The human resources manager asked ____ you were available to start at the company immediately.)4. En la carta de recomendación, mi antiguo jefe ____ que yo era una persona muy responsable y que mi rendimiento había sido excelente.
In the letter of recommendation, my former boss ____ that I was a very responsible person and that my performance had been excellent.)Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite the sentences in reported speech using an appropriate speech verb (say, state, explain, ask) and the connectors that / if. Adjust verb tenses when necessary.
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«Busco trabajo en el sector turístico».⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleDice que busca trabajo en el sector turístico.(He says that he is looking for a job in the tourism sector.)
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⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleEl candidato afirmó que no tenía experiencia internacional.(The candidate stated that he didn’t have international experience.)
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⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleLa reclutadora explicó que había leído su currículum con atención.(The recruiter explained that she had read your résumé carefully.)
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⇒ _______________________________________________ ExampleEl jefe preguntó si podía empezar el lunes.(The boss asked if he could start on Monday.)
Exercise 3: Grammar in action
Instruction: In pairs, recount what the advisor said about your CV and profile.
- ¿Qué dijo el asesor sobre tu experiencia laboral y tu logro más importante? (What did the advisor say about your work experience and your most important achievement?)
- ¿Qué explicó sobre cómo actualizar el currículum y redactar la carta de presentación? ¿Qué afirmó sobre tu objetivo profesional y disponibilidad? ¿Qué preguntó el asesor sobre llamar a tu referente o a tu antigua empresa? (What did they explain about how to update the résumé and write the cover letter? What did they say about your career objective and availability? Did the advisor ask about contacting your reference or your former employer?)
- El asesor dijo que tu perfil profesional era adecuado. (The advisor said that your professional profile was suitable.)
- La orientadora explicó que debías actualizar el currículum esta semana. (The counselor explained that you should update your résumé this week.)
- El técnico afirmó que tu experiencia y competencias eran buenas. (The advisor stated that your experience and skills were good.)
- Dice que / Explicó que / Afirmó que (Says that / Explained that / Stated that)
- Preguntó si / Ha preguntado si (Asked if / Has asked if)