Verb periphrases with infinitive: Soler, Volver a, Deber de...

Perífrasis verbales de infinitivo: Soler, Volver a, Deber de....


Las perífrasis verbales sirven para expresar cómo se desarrolla una acción: si es habitual, empieza, se repite, se interrumpe, es obligatoria o probable.

(Verbal periphrases are used to express how an action unfolds: whether it is habitual, begins, is repeated, is interrupted, is obligatory, or probable.)

What a “verbal periphrasis” is (and why it matters)

In Spanish, these structures work like a 2‑verb unit:

  • Conjugated verb = adds meaning (habit, repetition, obligation, probability, “about to…”, etc.).
  • Infinitive = the real action (controlar, tomar, hacer, cuidar, vacunarme…).

Core pattern: verbo conjugado + (a/de) + infinitivo

Examples: Suelo controlar… / Volvió a tomar… / Dejó de hacer…

Quick map: which periphrasis means what?

Meaning Periphrasis Typical English idea
Habit / routine soler + infinitive usually / tend to
Repetition volver a + infinitive do again
Stop doing something dejar de + infinitive stop
Start (suddenly / at that moment) ponerse a + infinitive start to / get down to
Immediate future estar a punto de + infinitive be about to
Obligation / advice deber + infinitive must / should
Probability / assumption deber de + infinitive must (logically, probably)

The small prepositions that you must not drop (a / de)

Some periphrases are “glued” to a preposition. If you omit it, it sounds incorrect.

  • volver a + infinitive: He vuelto tomarHe vuelto a tomar
  • dejar de + infinitive: Dejé hacerDejé de hacer
  • ponerse a + infinitive: Me puse estudiarMe puse a estudiar
  • estar a punto de + infinitive: Estoy a punto vacunarmeEstoy a punto de vacunarme
  • deber de + infinitive (probability): Debe de tener fiebre

Soler is direct: suelo + infinitive (no a, no de).

Choosing between “deber” and “deber de” (the classic confusion)

Both translate to “must” in English, but Spanish separates the ideas:

Form Main idea Good context clue Example
deber + inf. Obligation / recommendation Rules, advice, instructions, responsibility Debes controlar el azúcar regularmente.
deber de + inf. Probability / assumption You infer it from evidence; no one is “forcing” it Debe de tener fiebre porque no ha venido.

Self-check: Can you replace it with “it’s likely that…”? → choose deber de.

Tense choice: the periphrasis does NOT “force” a tense

You choose the tense you need for the situation; the periphrasis only adds the “extra meaning”.

  • Present (now / general): Suelo controlar la presión…
  • Past (completed): Dejó de hacer ejercicio…
  • Present perfect (recent/connected): He vuelto a tomar la tensión…
  • Imperfect (habit in the past): Solía controlar la presión… (common alternative to soler)

Meaning focus: “ponerse a” vs “empezar a” (practical nuance)

Both can be “to start to”, but the feel is different:

  • ponerse a + infinitive = starting at that moment, often with a sense of “getting to it”.
  • empezar a + infinitive (not in the table, but common) = neutral “begin”.

Example nuance:

  • Me puse a cuidar mi espalda después del diagnóstico. (I got down to it.)
  • Empecé a cuidar mi espalda… (more neutral)

Mini checklist before you speak or write

  1. Pick the intention: habit, again, stop, start, about to, obligation, probability.
  2. Conjugate only the first verb: suelo / volvió / dejé / me pongo / estoy / debes / debe…
  3. Keep the second verb in infinitive: controlar, tomar, hacer, cuidar, vacunarme.
  4. Don’t forget a / de when the structure requires it.
  5. For “must”: obligation = deber; probability = deber de.
  1. Conjugated verb + infinitive.
  2. The conjugated verb indicates how the action unfolds or the speaker’s intention; the infinitive expresses the main action.
Auxiliary verbExample
SolerYo suelo controlar la presión antes de dormir. (I usually check my blood pressure before going to sleep.)
Volver aÉl volvió a tomar la temperatura después del ejercicio. (He took his temperature again after exercising.)
Dejar deElla dejó de hacer ejercicio por dolor en la rodilla. (She stopped exercising because of knee pain.)
Ponerse aEl paciente se puso a cuidar los músculos. (The patient started taking care of his muscles.)
Estar a punto deEstoy a punto de vacunarme contra la gripe. (I’m about to get vaccinated against the flu.)
DeberDebes controlar el azúcar regularmente. (You must check your blood sugar regularly.)
Deber deDebe de tener fiebre porque no está aquí. (He must have a fever because he isn’t here.)

Exceptions!

  1. The tense of the conjugated verb depends on the context, not on the periphrasis.

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1. _____ controlar la presión antes de acostarme, porque tengo antecedentes familiares de hipertensión.

_____ check my blood pressure before going to bed, because I have a family history of hypertension.

2. Si el dolor vuelve, _____ tomar la temperatura y llámame.

If the pain comes back, _____ take your temperature again and call me.

3. _____ hacer ejercicio por un dolor en la rodilla, pero ahora voy al fisio.

_____ exercising because of knee pain, but now I go to the physio.

4. _____ evitar el estrés si quieres cuidar el corazón y dormir mejor.

_____ avoid stress if you want to take care of your heart and sleep better.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite the sentences using the indicated verbal periphrasis (conjugated verb + infinitive) without changing the main meaning.

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  1. Hint Hint (Soler) Normalmente controlo la presión antes de dormir.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Suelo controlar la presión antes de dormir.
    (I usually check my blood pressure before going to sleep.)
  2. Hint Hint (Volver a) Tomó la temperatura después del ejercicio. Más tarde la tomó otra vez.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Volvió a tomar la temperatura después del ejercicio.
    (He took his temperature again after exercising.)
  3. Hint Hint (Dejar de) Antes hacía ejercicio, pero por dolor en la rodilla ya no lo hace.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Dejó de hacer ejercicio por dolor en la rodilla.
    (He stopped exercising because of knee pain.)
  4. Hint Hint (Ponerse a) No cuidaba mucho los músculos, pero ayer empezó a hacerlo en serio.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Ayer se puso a cuidar los músculos en serio.
    (Yesterday he started taking care of his muscles seriously.)

Exercise 3: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence in each case.

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1.
Incorrect: the preposition "a" required by "volver a + infinitive" is missing; it should say "volver a tomar".
2.
Incorrect in this context: "deber + infinitive" usually indicates obligation, not supposition; here you want to express probability, so "de" is needed.

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This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

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Alessia Amoroso

Master of Languages, Cultures, Communication

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

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Last Updated:

Tuesday, 19/05/2026 23:20