Asking things
Pytanie o rzeczy
- Ask and answer questions.
- Learn the question words.
This lesson teaches you how to ask questions in Polish using expressions like "Co masz w torbie?" (What do you have in the bag?), "Ile masz jabłek?" (How many apples do you have?), and "Gdzie są twoje klucze?" (Where are your keys?). You'll learn core question words such as kto (who), co (what), and gdzie (where) along with useful everyday vocabulary to improve your communication skills.
Vocabulary (1) Share Copied!
Exercises Share Copied!
These exercises can be done together during conversation lessons or as homework.
Exercise 1: Reorder sentences
Instruction: Make correct sentences and translate.
Exercise 2: Match a word
Instruction: Match the translations
Exercise 3: Cluster the words
Instruction: Assign the given words to the appropriate category to reinforce the difference between questions and answers.
Słowa pytające
Słowa odpowiadające
Ćwiczenie 4: Conversation exercise
Instrukcja:
- Make a phrase that matches the picture, using a question. (Make a phrase that matches the picture, using a question.)
Teaching guidelines +/- 10 minutes
Example phrases:
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Ile wynosi rachunek? How much is the bill? |
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Co powiesz? What do you say? |
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Który chcesz? Which one do you want? |
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Dokąd musimy iść? Where do we have to go? |
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Jaki jest twój zawód? What is your job? |
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Jakim językiem mówisz? What language do you speak? |
| ... |
Exercise 5: Dialogue Cards
Instruction: Select a situation and practice the conversation with your teacher or fellow students.
Exercise 6: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. Czy ___ czas dzisiaj wieczorem na kawę z przyjacielem?
(Do you ___ time tonight for coffee with a friend?)2. ___ dużo pracy, ale potem mam spotkanie z rodziną.
(___ a lot of work, but then I have a meeting with family.)3. Twoja koleżanka ___ nowe mieszkanie blisko centrum.
(Your friend ___ a new apartment close to the center.)4. ___ na liście zakupy, idziemy do sklepu o 17.
(___ shopping on the list, we go to the store at 5 pm.)Exercise 7: Question about things
Instruction:
Verb Tables
Mieć - To have
Czas teraźniejszy
- ja mam
- ty masz
- on/ona/ono ma
- my mamy
- wy macie
- oni/one mają
Iść - To go
Czas teraźniejszy
- ja idę
- ty idziesz
- on/ona/ono idzie
- my idziemy
- wy idziecie
- oni/one idą
Musieć - To must
Czas teraźniejszy
- ja muszę
- ty musisz
- on/ona/ono musi
- my musimy
- wy musicie
- oni/one muszą
Potrzebować - To need
Czas teraźniejszy
- ja potrzebuję
- ty potrzebujesz
- on/ona/ono potrzebuje
- my potrzebujemy
- wy potrzebujecie
- oni/one potrzebują
Powiedzieć - To say
Czas przeszły
- ja powiedziałem/powiedziałam
- ty powiedziałeś/powiedziałaś
- on powiedział/ona powiedziała/ono powiedziało
- my powiedzieliśmy/powiedziałyśmy
- wy powiedzieliście/powiedziałyście
- oni powiedzieli/one powiedziały
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Introduction to Asking Questions in Polish
This lesson covers essential phrases and sentence structures used for asking questions in Polish, focusing on everyday topics such as shopping, university subjects, and ordering in cafes. It is designed for A1 level learners and helps build a foundation for engaging in simple conversations by mastering common question words, forming sentences, and responding naturally.
Key Content of This Lesson
Useful Question Phrases
Learn how to ask about objects, quantities, locations, and preferences with examples like:
- Co masz w torbie? (What do you have in the bag?)
- Ile masz jabłek? (How many apples do you have?)
- Czy masz czas na kawę? (Do you have time for coffee?)
Sentence Construction Practice
The lesson includes exercises for pairing sentence halves to form complete questions, for example:
- Co masz w + torbie na zakupy? => Co masz w torbie na zakupy? (What do you have in the shopping bag?)
- Czy masz + kawę czy herbatę? => Czy masz kawę czy herbatę? (Do you have coffee or tea?)
Word Categorization
Distinguish between question words (e.g., kto - who, co - what, gdzie - where) and response words (e.g., tak - yes, nie - no, mama - mom, dom - home). This helps in understanding and forming correct questions and answers.
Dialogues for Real-life Situations
Practice common dialogues such as:
- In a grocery store: Asking about fruits, vegetables, and prices.
- At the university: Inquiring about books, schedule, and classrooms.
- In a café: Asking about drinks and recommendations.
Verb Conjugation and Use
Learn and practice essential verbs like mieć (to have), iść (to go), musieć (must), potrzebować (to need), and powiedzieć (to say) in their present and past tenses. Examples:
- Ja mam (I have), ty masz (you have)
- Ja idę (I go), ty idziesz (you go)
Short Story for Contextual Learning
An example story demonstrates usage of verbs and vocabulary in a natural context, reinforcing understanding of grammar and vocabulary:
"W pracy często mam dużo obowiązków. Dzisiaj mam spotkanie z ważnym klientem..."
Comparison of English and Polish Question Forms
Polish question formation differs from English in that it often uses question words at the beginning without auxiliary verbs. For example:
- Co masz w torbie? translates literally as "What you have in the bag?" instead of "What do you have in the bag?"
- Polish uses question particles like czy for yes/no questions, for example: Czy masz czas? (Do you have time?)
Useful phrases include:
- Co? – What?
- Gdzie? – Where?
- Kiedy? – When?
- Czy masz…? – Do you have…?
- Ile masz…? – How many do you have…?
Understanding these patterns helps learners form natural questions in Polish while recognizing differences from English interrogative structures.
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