Learn how to use the pretérito imperfecto to describe ongoing past actions with verbs like ayudar (to help) and atender (to attend), mastering endings such as -aba and -ía for regular -ar and -er/-ir verbs.
  1. For verbs ending in "-ar" the endings "-aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -aban" are added.
  2. For verbs ending in -er/-ir the endings -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían are added.
Verbo ayudarVerbo atender
Yo ayudaba (I used to help)Yo atendía (I used to attend)
Tú ayudabas (You were helping)Tú atendías (You attended)
Él / Ella ayudaba (He / She was helping)Él / Ella atendía (He / She was attending)
Nosotros / Nosotras ayudábamos (We helped)Nosotros / Nosotras atendíamos (We were attending)
Vosotros / Vosotras ayudabais (You (plural) used to help)Vosotros / Vosotras atendíais (You (plural) were attending)
Ellos / Ellas ayudaban (They used to help)Ellos / Ellas atendían (They used to attend)

 

Exceptions!

  1. The first and third person singular are the same.

Exercise 1: El pretérito imperfecto de verbos regulares

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

trabajábamos, usabas, llegaba, ayudaban, visitaban, explicaba, escuchabais, llamaba

1. Ayudar:
Ellos ... en las campañas de protección civil.
(Ellos ayudaban en las campañas de protección civil.)
2. Escuchar:
Vosotros ... las instrucciones del socorro.
(Vosotros escuchabais las instrucciones del socorro.)
3. Llegar:
La ambulancia siempre ... rápido en mi ciudad.
(La ambulancia siempre llegaba rápido en mi ciudad.)
4. Trabajar:
Nosotros ... con la Cruz Roja todos los veranos.
(Nosotros trabajábamos con la Cruz Roja todos los veranos.)
5. Usar:
¿Tú ... el teléfono de emergencia frecuentemente?
(¿Tú usabas el teléfono de emergencia frecuentemente?)
6. Visitar:
Ustedes ... la clínica todos los lunes.
(Ustedes visitaban la clínica todos los lunes.)
7. Llamar:
Mi hermana ... a los bomberos cada vez que veía humo.
(Mi hermana llamaba a los bomberos cada vez que veía humo.)
8. Explicar:
Yo ... los síntomas al paramédico con calma.
(Yo explicaba los síntomas al paramédico con calma.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Select the correct sentence that uses the imperfect tense of regular or irregular verbs, paying attention to the endings and irregular forms, in the context of emergency services.

1.
Error: 'explained' is in the simple past and does not match the timing of 'called', which is in the imperfect.
Error: missing the correct imperfect tense conjugation of the verb 'explain'.
2.
Error: 'received' is in the simple past, which interrupts the continuity expressed by 'were going'.
Error: person disagreement; it should be 'we received' to match the subject 'we'.
3.
Error: 'saw' is in the simple past, which conflicts with the intended continuity expressed by the imperfect.
Error: 'needed' is in the simple past, disrupting the continuity expressed by the imperfect.
4.
Error: 'answered' is in the simple past, breaking the simultaneity expressed with the imperfect.
Error: 'answer' is in the infinitive and not conjugated in the imperfect tense.

The Imperfect Past Tense of Regular Verbs in Spanish

This lesson focuses on the pretérito imperfecto de indicativo, a past tense used in Spanish to describe ongoing or habitual actions in the past, without specifying their exact beginning or end.

What You Will Learn

You will understand how to form and use the imperfect tense for regular verbs ending in -ar, -er, and -ir. The lesson includes practical examples with the verbs ayudar (to help) and atender (to attend).

How to Form the Imperfect

  • For -ar verbs, the endings are -aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -aban. Example: yo ayudaba.
  • For -er and -ir verbs, the endings are -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían. Example: yo atendía.
  • Note that the first and third person singular forms share the same conjugation (e.g., yo ayudaba, él ayudaba).

Usage of the Imperfect Tense

This tense is particularly useful to describe:

  • Actions in the past without a defined start or end.
  • Habitual or repeated actions in the past.
  • Background descriptions or ongoing states.

Important Words and Phrases

Here are some useful expressions commonly used with the imperfect tense in contexts such as emergency services:

  • Cuando llamaba al hospital – When I used to call the hospital
  • Siempre explicaba – I always explained
  • Nosotros íbamos a la ambulancia – We were going to the ambulance
  • Mientras yo atendía las llamadas – While I was attending the calls

Differences Between English and Spanish Instructions

In English, the imperfect past often corresponds to phrases like "used to" or the past progressive tense "was/were doing." Spanish uses specific endings to express ongoing or repeated past actions clearly. For example, yo ayudaba means "I was helping" or "I used to help," depending on context, without adding auxiliary verbs as English does.

Common phrases to practice: ayudaba (I was helping), atendía (I was attending), llamaba (I was calling).

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