This lesson explains how to express timing of actions using the Spanish adverbs ya (already), todavía (still), and todavía no (not yet), with examples like "Ya fuimos al zoológico" and "Todavía no he visto al león" to help you master these common expressions.
  1. Ya indicates that something happened or is done.
  2. Todavía indicates that something is still happening.
  3. Todavía no indicates that something has not happened yet.
Forma (Form)Uso (Use)Ejemplo (Example)
YaAcción completada (Completed action)Ya fuimos al zoológico. (We have already been to the zoo.)
TodavíaAcción continua (Continuous action)Todavía vemos animales salvajes. (We still see wild animals.)
Todavía noAcción no ocurrida (Action not occurred)Todavía no he visto al león. (I still haven't seen the lion.)
Ya + pretérito perfectoHecho reciente (Recent event)Ya hemos descrito la flora. (We have already described the flora.)

Exercise 1: Uso de ya, todavía y todavía no

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

Todavía no, Ya, todavía, ya, Todavía

1. Acción no ocurrida:
: ¿... fuiste al parque con tu familia?
(: ¿Todavía no fuiste al parque con tu familia?)
2. Acción continua:
: ... vemos jirafas en esa región.
(: Todavía vemos jirafas en esa región.)
3. Acción completada:
: ¿... admiraste la fauna del zoológico?
(: ¿Ya admiraste la fauna del zoológico?)
4. Hecho reciente:
: El guía ... ha explicado todas las especies
(: El guía ya ha explicado todas las especies)
5. Acción completada:
: ¿... has visto el león en la selva?
(: ¿Ya has visto el león en la selva?)
6. Acción continua:
: No, ... estoy admirando al elefante.
(: No, todavía estoy admirando al elefante.)
7. Acción completada:
: Mi hermano ... describió el paisaje africano.
(: Mi hermano ya describió el paisaje africano.)
8. Hecho receinte:
: Los niños ... se han alejado del desierto.
(: Los niños ya se han alejado del desierto.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence that properly uses 'ya', 'todavía', or 'todavía no' to express the timing of an action.

1.
Incorrect here because it expresses an action that has already been completed, not one that hasn’t happened yet.
'Todavía' indicates an ongoing action, but 'buying the tickets' is a one-time action already finished, so this sentence is incorrect.
2.
This sentence means that nothing has been seen yet, which doesn’t match the idea of a continuing action.
'Ya' indicates a completed action, not one that is still ongoing.
3.
'Todavía' suggests an ongoing action, but this sentence refers to a one-time visit that already happened.
'Ya no' means that something has stopped happening, not that it hasn’t happened yet.
4.
'Todavía' is not appropriate with simple past to express a continuing action; this sentence is incorrect.
Incorrect use of 'todavía no' in past tense; it should be 'Todavía no hemos comido...' to express an action not yet done.

Understanding the Use of ya, todavía, and todavía no

This lesson covers essential Spanish adverbs related to time that indicate the moment when an action occurs or its state of completion. We focus on ya, todavía, and todavía no, which are key in expressing whether something has already happened, is still ongoing, or has not yet happened.

Key Words and Meanings

  • Ya: Indicates that an action has been completed.
    Example: Ya fuimos al zoológico. (We already went to the zoo.)
  • Todavía: Expresses that an action is ongoing or continues to happen.
    Example: Todavía vemos animales salvajes. (We are still seeing wild animals.)
  • Todavía no: Shows that an action has not occurred yet but is expected to.
    Example: Todavía no he visto al león. (I haven't seen the lion yet.)

Additional Usage: Ya with Pretérito Perfecto

When combined with the pretérito perfecto (present perfect tense), ya indicates a recent completion of an action.

  • Example: Ya hemos descrito la flora. (We have already described the flora.)

Summary of Usage Situations

  • Ya → completed actions or events.
  • Todavía → actions that are still in progress.
  • Todavía no → actions that have not happened yet.

Differences Between English and Spanish Temporal Adverbs

English often uses adverbs like "already," "still," and "not yet" to express similar meanings, but Spanish tends to use ya, todavía, and todavía no in more specific contexts related to tense and aspect. For example, ya can be combined with the present perfect to emphasize recent completion, which matches "already have" in English.

Useful phrases include:

  • Ya: "already," "now"
  • Todavía: "still," "yet" (when meaning continuation)
  • Todavía no: "not yet"

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Anja Radovanovic

Language sciences

Ca' Foscari University of Venice

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Last Updated:

Friday, 28/11/2025 06:27