Direct object pronouns

I pronomi oggetto diretto


I pronomi oggetto diretto sostituiscono nomi già citati.

(Direct object pronouns replace nouns that have already been mentioned.)

What a “direct object pronoun” replaces

  • Direct object = the person/thing that directly receives the action.
  • It answers: Who/what?
Without pronoun (full object) With pronoun

Prendo la chiave.

La prendo.

Vedo i colleghi.

Li vedo.

Key idea: you use these pronouns to avoid repeating the noun (especially in professional, practical talk).

The basic word order (the point that feels “backwards”)

  • With a conjugated verb, the pronoun goes before the verb.
Italian pattern Example

pronoun + verb

Il receptionist mi vede.

pronoun + verb

Lo risolviamo.

  • Common mistake (English word order): Il receptionist vede mi.
  • Correct: Il receptionist mi vede.

How to choose: mi/ti/ci/vi vs lo/la/li/le

  • mi, ti, ci, vi replace a person (me/you/us/you all).
  • lo/la/li/le replace a thing or a person mentioned with a noun, and they match gender + number.
What you are replacing Pronoun Mini example

il documento (m. sing.)

lo

Hai il documento? Sì, lo porto in ufficio.

la prenotazione (f. sing.)

la

Ha la prenotazione? Sì, la mostro subito.

i colleghi (m. pl.)

li

Li vedo domani in riunione.

le chiavi (f. pl.)

le

Le riporto domani mattina.

Tip: if you know the article (il / la / i / le), you already know the pronoun (lo / la / li / le).

Elision: lo/la → l’ (only before a vowel)

  • lo and la become l’ before a word that starts with a vowel sound.
Before consonant Before vowel

Non lo vedo.

Non l’ho.

Non la trovo.

L’aspetto qui.

  • Common spelling mistake: l’ ritiro (not possible)
  • Correct: la ritiro (because ritiro starts with a consonant sound)

The big exception: with an infinitive, attach the pronoun

  • If the verb is in the infinitive (ending like -are, -ere, -ire), the pronoun normally attaches to the end.
  • Drop the final -e of the infinitive: firmare → firmar- + lo = firmarlo
Structure Example

devo + infinitive

Devo riportare le chiavi → Devo riportarle.

posso + infinitive

Posso firmare il contratto? → Posso firmarlo?

voglio + infinitive

Voglio vedere la prenotazione → Voglio vederla.

  • Common mistake: Devo riportare le in ufficio.
  • Correct: Devo riportarle in ufficio.

Quick self-check before you speak

  1. Find the object: who/what do I “see/call/bring/sign”?
  2. Choose the pronoun: person (mi/ti/ci/vi) or noun (lo/la/li/le).
  3. Place it correctly:
    • before a conjugated verb: lo firmo
    • attached to an infinitive: devo firmarlo
  4. Check l’: only for lo/la before a vowel: l’ho, l’aspetto

Goal for A2: use these pronouns automatically in short, practical sentences (desk, office, booking, documents).

  1. The object pronoun comes before the verb.
  2. The pronouns lo, la become l' before a vowel.
Pronome oggetto (Object pronoun)Esempio (Example)
Mi (Me)Il receptionist vede me (The receptionist sees me)Il receptionist mi vede (The receptionist sees me)
Ti (You)Il receptionist chiama te (The receptionist calls you)Il receptionist ti chiama (The receptionist calls you)
Lo (It (masc.))Risolviamo il problema (We solve the problem)Lo risolviamo (We solve it)
La (It (fem.))Prendo la chiave alla reception (I pick up the key at reception)La prendo alla reception (I pick it up at reception)
Ci (Us)Il receptionist aiuta noi (The receptionist helps us)Il receptionist ci aiuta (The receptionist helps us)
Vi (You (plural))Il receptionist aspetta voi (The receptionist waits for you)Il receptionist vi aspetta (The receptionist is waiting for you)
Li/le (Them)Ora vedo loro (Now I see them)Li vedo ora (I see them now)

Exceptions!

  1. With an infinitive verb, the pronoun is attached to the end of the verb. Example: "io devo riportare la chiave in reception" -> "devo riportarla in reception".

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

1. Ha prenotato il GPS online? Sì, ___ ho prenotato ieri sera.

Did you book the GPS online? Yes, ___ booked it last night.

2. La patente di guida? Mi dispiace, non ___ trovo nella borsa.

Your driver's license? I'm sorry, I can't ___ find it in my bag.

3. Il modulo è pronto: per favore, ___ firmi qui.

The form is ready: please ___ sign it here.

4. Devo riportare le chiavi domani mattina? Sì, deve riportar___ in ufficio entro le dieci.

Do I have to return the keys tomorrow morning? Yes, you have to return ___ to the office by ten.

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence with the direct object pronoun.

1.
The pronoun does not go after the infinitive as a separate word: it attaches to the verb (firmarlo) and does not stay isolated after it.
The object pronoun (lo) must come before the conjugated verb: "puoi firmarlo" is not correct because the pronoun cannot remain separated from the infinitive verb in this construction.
2.
The pronoun does not go after the conjugated verb: you must say "la mostro".
"L'" is used before a word that begins with a vowel (l'auto), not before "al"; moreover the pronoun cannot follow the verb.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite the sentences by replacing the part in bold with the correct direct object pronoun (mi, ti, lo, la, ci, vi, li/le). If there is an infinitive, attach the pronoun to the end of the verb (e.g.: devo prendere la chiave → devo prenderla).

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Il receptionist vede **me** ogni mattina.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Il receptionist mi vede ogni mattina.
    (The receptionist sees me every morning.)
  2. Scusi, signora: chiamo **Lei** tra cinque minuti.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Scusi, signora: La chiamo tra cinque minuti.
    (Excuse me, ma’am: I’ll call you in five minutes.)
  3. Prendo **la chiave** alla reception.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    La prendo alla reception.
    (I pick it up at reception.)
  4. Hai il mio documento? Devo portare **il documento** in ufficio.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Hai il mio documento? Devo portarlo in ufficio.
    (Do you have my document? I have to bring it to the office.)

Exercise 4: Grammar in action

Instruction: In pairs, negotiate a solution using direct object pronouns and the infinitive.

Show/Hide translation
Situation
All'autonoleggio, la tua prenotazione presenta un problema con l'assicurazione inclusa.
(At the car rental office, your reservation has a problem with the included insurance.)

Discuss
  • Spiega il problema all'addetto e chiedi cosa può fare per aiutarti. (Explain the problem to the clerk and ask what they can do to help you.)
  • Chiedi di controllare il modulo, il deposito e la patente: cosa manca?","Se il GPS o una ruota è rotta, che cosa proponi di fare?","Decidete se cancellare la prenotazione o cambiarla e motivate la scelta. (Ask them to check the form, the deposit, and the driver’s license: what is missing?)

Useful words and phrases
  • Può controllare il modulo? Devo firmarlo. (Can you check the form? I have to sign it.)
  • Il deposito non lo vedo sul contratto, può aggiungerlo? (I don’t see the deposit on the contract, can you add it?)
  • Ho prenotato il GPS ma non lo trovo: potete darmi un rimborso? (I booked the GPS but I can’t find it: can you give me a refund?)

Use in conversation
  • mi/ti/ci/vi + verbo (Il responsabile mi aiuta, ti chiama) (mi/ti/ci/vi + verb (The manager helps me, calls you))
  • lo/la/li/le prima del verbo (La prenotazione la cambiamo) (lo/la/li/le before the verb (The reservation, we change it))
  • pronome attaccato all'infinito (Devo controllarlo, riportarla, cancellarla) (pronoun attached to the infinitive (I have to check it, return it, cancel it))

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Fabio Pirioni

Bachelor in Humanities

University of Udine

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Last Updated:

Saturday, 18/04/2026 15:30