Impara il gerundio italiano per esprimere azioni in corso con verbi come creare (creando), vivere (vivendo), e dire (dicendo), usando la costruzione 'stare' + gerundio.
  1. The gerund of verbs ending in -are is formed with the stem + -ando.
  2. The gerund of verbs ending in -ere, -ire is formed with the stem + -endo.
  3. The gerund is used to form the present progressive; it is formed with the verb "stare" + gerund.
Verbo (Verb)Forma in gerundio (Form in the gerund)Esempio (Example)
CreareCreandoStanno creando una famiglia. (They are creating a family.)
VivereVivendoStiamo vivendo insieme da poco. (We have been living together for a short time.)
MorireMorendoL'animale sta morendo. (The animal is dying.)
DireDicendoSto dicendo ai gemelli di andare a giocare. (I am saying to the twins to go play.)
FareFacendoStanno facendo un lavoro importante. (They are doing an important job.)
BereBevendoSta bevendo un bicchiere d'acqua. (He is drinking a glass of water.)

Exceptions!

  1. Reflexive verbs add "si" before "stare". Example: "sposarsi" -> "si stanno sposando"

Exercise 1: Il gerundio, le tre coniugazioni

Instruction: Fill in the correct word.

Show translation Show answers

parlando, scrivendo, vivendo, facendo, sposando, morendo, creando, giocando

1. Parlare:
Lui sta ... con la sua ex compagna.
(He is talking to his ex-partner.)
2. Giocare:
I gemelli stanno ... con il cane.
(The twins are playing with the dog.)
3. Morire:
L'animale sta ... per una lunga malattia.
(The animal is dying from a long illness.)
4. Sposarsi:
Si stanno ... questo fine settimana.
(They are getting married this weekend.)
5. Scrivere:
Sto ... una lettera a mio padre.
(I am writing a letter to my father.)
6. Vivere:
Stiamo ... insieme da sei mesi.
(We have been living together for six months.)
7. Fare:
Sto ... questo lavoro prima del matrimonio.
(I am doing this work before the wedding.)
8. Creare:
Stanno ... una nuova famiglia insieme.
(They are creating a new family together.)

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence that uses the gerund appropriately.

1.
Error: after 'stare' you must use the gerund 'leggendo', not the infinitive 'leggere'.
Error: after 'stanno' the verb must be in the gerund 'leggendo', not in the indicative 'leggo'.
2.
Error: after 'si stanno' you use the gerund 'preparando', not the indicative 'preparano'.
Error: in the reflexive verb the pronoun 'si' must precede the verb 'stare', not follow it.
3.
Error: the present progressive indicates an action in progress, so you cannot specify a past time like 'yesterday'.
Error: after 'stare' you must use the gerund 'aspettando', not the infinitive 'aspettare'.
4.
Error: the infinitive 'parlare' is not used after 'stanno', but the gerund 'parlando'.
Error: after 'stanno' the verb must be in the gerund 'parlando', not in the indicative 'parlano'.

Understanding the Gerund in Italian: The Three Conjugations

This lesson focuses on the Italian gerund, a verb form that indicates an action in progress. It is an essential component of expressing ongoing actions and forming the present progressive tense.

Formation of the Gerund

  • For verbs ending in -are, the gerund is formed by replacing the ending with -ando. Example: Creare → Creando.
  • For verbs ending in -ere and -ire, the gerund is formed by replacing the ending with -endo. Examples: Vivere → Vivendo, Morire → Morendo.

Usage: The Present Progressive

The gerund is commonly used alongside the auxiliary verb stare to form the present progressive tense, which describes actions that are currently happening.

Structure: stare + gerund

Examples include:

  • Stanno creando una famiglia. (They are creating a family.)
  • Sto dicendo ai gemelli di andare a giocare. (I am telling the twins to go play.)

Reflexive Verbs in the Gerund Form

Reflexive verbs require placing the reflexive pronoun si before the conjugated auxiliary stare.

Example: Sposarsi → Si stanno sposando (They are getting married).

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

VerbGerund FormExample Sentence
CreareCreandoStanno creando una famiglia.
VivereVivendoStiamo vivendo insieme da poco.
MorireMorendoL'animale sta morendo.
DireDicendoSto dicendo ai gemelli di andare a giocare.
FareFacendoStanno facendo un lavoro importante.
BereBevendoSta bevendo un bicchiere d'acqua.

Comparing Italian Gerund with English

In English, the present progressive is formed by using be + -ing form of the verb (e.g., "I am reading"). Italian similarly uses stare + gerund to express the same idea. However, Italian reflexive verbs place the reflexive pronoun si before stare, unlike English where reflexive pronouns come after the verb (e.g., "She is washing herself" vs. "Si sta lavando").

Useful phrases include:

  • Sto leggendo un libro. — I am reading a book.
  • Si stanno preparando. — They are preparing themselves.

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Fabio Pirioni

Bachelor in Humanities

University of Udine

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Last Updated:

Thursday, 28/08/2025 11:39