Conjunctions nè...nè, 'sia…sia', 'o…o'

Le congiunzioni 'nè...nè', 'sia…sia', 'o…o'


Sono congiunzioni che collegano elementi, esprimendo inclusione, esclusione o negazione.

(These are conjunctions that connect elements, expressing inclusion, exclusion, or negation.)

What these pairs do (quick meaning map)

Italian pair Core meaning Closest English
ne9...ne9 two negatives (none of the two) neither...nor
sia...sia includes both items (often with emphasis) both...and
o...o choice between alternatives either...or

Key idea: Italian often repeats the conjunction before each option. That repetition makes the structure clear and balanced.

ne9...ne9: how to build the negative correctly

  • Use it to say: not A and not B.
  • Normally you still keep non with the verb.
Pattern Correct example (adult / real-life)
Non + verb + ne9 A + ne9 B

Oggi non ho tempo ne9 per la riunione ne9 per la palestra.

Ne9 A ne9 B + verb (more formal/emphatic)

Ne9 il direttore ne9 la responsabile HR sono disponibili oggi.

  • Done9t mix it with o: Non vedo ne9 il leone o la tigre.
  • Done9t drop the first ne9: Non vedo il leone ne9 la tigre (sounds incomplete at A2).
  • Spelling: it is ne9 (accent on e).

sia...sia: include both items (and you can extend the list)

  • Use it to say: A and B, both included.
  • Repeat sia before each item for symmetry.
Pattern Correct example
verb + sia A + sia B

Nel progetto seguiamo sia il budget sia le scadenze.

sia A, sia B, sia C (exception: more than two)

Mi interessano sia i dati, sia i processi, sia le persone.

  • Done9t mix it with e inside the pair: sia il budget e le scadenze.
  • Agreement stays normal: you still use the right articles: sia il report sia la presentazione.

o...o: express a choice (one option, not both)

  • Use it to say: option A or option B.
  • Repeat o before each alternative.
Pattern Correct example
verb + o A + o B

Domani lavoriamo o in ufficio o da casa.

o A o B, + decision/choice

O prenotiamo un taxi o prendiamo la metro: decidi tu.

  • Done9t forget the second o: o in ufficio da casa.
  • Meaning check: if you mean abbothbb, use sia...sia, not o...o.

Where to place the pair: your A2 safe word order

  1. Put the conjunction directly before each item it introduces.
  2. If there is a preposition/article, it usually stays with the item:
    • o al ristorante o a casa

    • sia con il team sia con il cliente

  3. With ne9...ne9, keep the negation clear:
    • Non posso venire ne9 oggi ne9 domani.

Self-check: choose the right pair in 10 seconds

  • If the sentence means abnone of thembb d2 use ne9...ne9.
  • If the sentence means abboth includedbb d2 use sia...sia.
  • If the sentence means abone optionbb d2 use o...o.

Final micro-check: did you repeat the conjunction before each element? If yes, you are almost always correct at A2.

  1. "Nè...nè" joins two negatives.
  2. "Sia…sia" links two elements.
  3. "O…o" indicates a choice between two options.
Congiunzione (Conjunction)Esempio (Example)
Nè...nèNon vedo il leone la tigre. (I don’t see neither the lion nor the tiger.)
Sia…siaAmmiriamo sia l'elefante sia la giraffa. (We admire both the elephant and the giraffe.)
O…oAndiamo o allo zoo o all'acquario. (We go either to the zoo or to the aquarium.)

Exceptions!

  1. sia…sia can link more than two elements. Example: "mi piacciono sia gli elefanti, sia le giraffe, sia i leoni"

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

1. Oggi non possiamo visitare ___ il deserto né la giungla, perché alcune zone sono chiuse.

Today we can't visit ___ either the desert or the jungle, because some areas are closed.

2. Nel pomeriggio andiamo ___ allo zoo o all'acquario, decidi tu.

In the afternoon we are going ___ to the zoo or to the aquarium, you decide.

3. A me piacciono ___ i leoni sia le tigri: sono animali affascinanti.

I like ___ both lions and tigers: they are fascinating animals.

4. Con questo biglietto puoi ammirare ___ gli elefanti, sia le giraffe, sia i rinoceronti.

With this ticket you can admire ___ the elephants, the giraffes, and the rhinoceroses.

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the correct sentence.

1.
The first "neither" of the pair is missing; the use of "not" does not replace the "neither...nor" structure.
Different conjunctions are mixed: you do not use "or" together with "neither" in the same pair.
2.
(Incorrect sentence proposed to train attention: the preposition before "park" should be "to the" if it is not repeated correctly.)
The sentence is grammatically correct but does not use the required conjunction "both...and", so it does not practice the structure.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Combine the two sentences into one using the correct conjunction: neither...nor, both...and, or...or.

Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints
  1. Hint Hint (nè...nè) Non mangio la carne. Non mangio il pesce.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Non mangio nè la carne nè il pesce.
    (I eat neither meat nor fish.)
  2. Hint Hint (sia...sia) Visitano il Colosseo. Visitano i Musei Vaticani.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Visitano sia il Colosseo sia i Musei Vaticani.
    (They visit both the Colosseum and the Vatican Museums.)
  3. Hint Hint (o...o) Domani andiamo in ufficio. Domani lavoriamo da casa.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Domani lavoriamo o in ufficio o da casa.
    (Tomorrow we work either in the office or from home.)
  4. Hint Hint (nè...nè) Non ho tempo oggi. Non ho tempo domani.
    ⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Non ho tempo nè oggi nè domani.
    (I have neither time today nor tomorrow.)

Exercise 4: Grammar in action

Instruction: Talk in pairs and decide which animals to see and the itinerary.

Show/Hide translation
Situation
Stai organizzando una gita di famiglia allo zoo per domenica pomeriggio.
(You are organizing a family trip to the zoo for Sunday afternoon.)

Discuss
  • Quali animali volete vedere: sia gli elefanti sia le giraffe, o altri? (Which animals do you want to see: either the elephants and the giraffes, or others?)
  • Ci sono animali che non vi interessano nè pericolosi nè affascinanti? Perché? (Are there any animals that do not interest you, neither dangerous nor fascinating? Why?)

Useful words and phrases
  • Ammiriamo sia l'elefante sia la giraffa. (Let's admire both the elephant and the giraffe.)
  • Non voglio vedere nè il leone nè la tigre. (I don't want to see either the lion or the tiger.)
  • Andiamo o allo zoo o all'acquario. (Let's go either to the zoo or to the aquarium.)

Use in conversation
  • nè...nè (neither...nor)
  • sia...sia (both...and)
  • o...o (either...or)

Written by

This content has been designed and reviewed by the coLanguage pedagogical team: About coLanguage

Profile Picture

Fabio Pirioni

Bachelor in Humanities

University of Udine

University_Logo

Last Updated:

Wednesday, 15/04/2026 20:29