Les indéfinis servent à parler de personnes, de choses ou de quantités de manière vague, non précise ou générale.
(Indefinites are used to talk about people, things, or quantities in a vague, non-specific, or general way.)
- "Aucun / Aucune" are used to express the total absence of something. "Personne" indicates the total absence of people.
- We use "Quelque chose" to refer to a thing without specifying which one, or to refer to something vague.
- "N'importe" + pronom (qui/quoi): Indicates an unspecified person or thing.
- "N'importe" + adjectif (quel/quelle/quels/quelles): Indicates that the choice does not matter among several options.
| Expression (Expression) | Exemple (Example) |
|---|---|
| Aucun / Aucune (None / Not any) | Je n'ai aucune idée de ce que cela signifie. (I have no idea what that means.) |
| Plusieurs (Several) | J'aimerais prendre plusieurs desserts. (I’d like to have several desserts.) |
| N'importe quel / N'importe quelle / N'importe quels / N'importe quelles (Any (whichever)) | Le sommelier peut recommander n’importe quels vins selon le plat. (The sommelier can recommend any wines depending on the dish.) |
| Quelque chose (Something) | Nous mangeons quelque chose d'acide. (We’re eating something acidic.) |
| N'importe quoi (Anything) | Je pourrais manger n'importe quoi ! (I could eat anything!) |
| N'importe qui (Anyone) | N'importe qui peut répondre à cette question. (Anyone can answer this question.) |
| Personne (No one) | Il n'y avait personne au restaurant hier. (There was no one at the restaurant yesterday.) |
Exceptions!
- We use "Plusieurs" to talk about 2 or more. It is an indefinite number, but it implies there is more than one. Example: Je connais plusieurs sommeliers.
- Aucun / Aucune is always accompanied by the negation ne or n'. Example: Aucun plat ne me fait envie.
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
Instruction: Choose the correct answer
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1. Je suis désolé, nous n'avons ____ dessert maison ce soir.
I'm sorry, we don't have ____ homemade dessert tonight.2. Je n'ai rien choisi, parce que je ne connais ____ ici et je suis un peu perdue.
I didn't choose anything, because I don't know ____ here and I'm a bit lost.3. Si vous êtes intolérant au lactose, dites-le : on peut adapter ____ plat.
If you are lactose intolerant, say so: we can adapt ____ dish.4. Pour l'accord mets-vins, je peux vous proposer ____ options selon votre plat.
For the food-and-wine pairing, I can offer you ____ options depending on your dish.Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite each sentence by replacing the PART IN CAPITALS with the correct indefinite form (aucun/aucune, plusieurs, n'importe quel(le)(s), quelque chose, n'importe quoi, n'importe qui, personne).
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Show/Hide translation Show/Hide hints-
⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleDans ce quartier, il n'y a aucune pharmacie ouverte le dimanche.(In this neighborhood, there is no pharmacy open on Sundays.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleAu bureau, je n'ai aucune idée de ce sigle.(At the office, I have no idea what this acronym means.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExamplePour le déjeuner d'équipe, j'ai pris plusieurs options végétariennes.(For the team lunch, I chose several vegetarian options.)
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⇒ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleTu veux boire ? J'apporte quelque chose à grignoter aussi.(Do you want something to drink? I'll bring something to snack on too.)
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct sentence.
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