Le futur antérieur est un temps composé utilisé pour exprimer une action qui aura lieu avant une seconde action.
(The future perfect (futur antérieur) is a compound tense used to express an action that will happen before a second action.)
- The future perfect indicates that the secondary action happened before the main action.
- The secondary action is generally introduced by a time conjunction such as "quand", "lorsque", or "dès que".
- The verb in the main clause (which refers to the subject) is in the future simple or the imperative. Example: Appelle moi quand tu auras fini/ Tu m'appelleras quand tu auras fini.
| Structure (Structure) | Exemple (Example) |
|---|---|
| Quand (When) | Quand nous serons montés dans l'avion, nous pourrons nous reposer. (When we have boarded the plane, we will be able to rest.) |
| Dès que (As soon as) | Appelez moi dès que vous serez descendues du train ! (Call me as soon as you have gotten off the train!) |
| Lorsque (When) | Lorsque tu auras réservé, le séjour pourra commencé. (When you have booked, the stay can begin.) |
Exceptions!
- The secondary clause in the future perfect can be placed either before or after the main clause.
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
Instruction: Choose the correct answer
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1. Dès que vous ________ le tarif de groupe, je vous enverrai la confirmation par e-mail.
As soon as you ________ the group rate, I will send you the confirmation by email.2. Quand nous ________ dans le train, on pourra enfin se détendre et parler du séjour.
When we ________ on the train, we will finally be able to relax and talk about the stay.3. Lorsque j'________ la réservation de l'hôtel, je te transmettrai l'adresse pour le taxi.
When I ________ booking the hotel, I will send you the address for the taxi.4. Appelez-moi dès que les enfants ________ du bus, et je viendrai vous chercher.
Call me as soon as the children ________ the bus, and I will come pick you up.Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases
Instruction: Rewrite each sentence by adding a temporal clause with "when / as soon as / once" in the future perfect (action 1), then a main clause in the simple future or the imperative (action 2).
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleQuand tu auras fini le dossier, tu m’enverras un e-mail.(When you have finished the file, you will send me an email.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleAppelle-moi dès que tu seras arrivé(e) à la gare.(Call me as soon as you have arrived at the station.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleLorsque nous aurons signé le contrat, nous commencerons le projet.(When we have signed the contract, we will start the project.)
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⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ExampleDès que vous aurez reçu la confirmation, vous pourrez réserver l’hôtel.(As soon as you have received the confirmation, you will be able to book the hotel.)
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct sentence.
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