Connected and reduced speech: 'r / ie / 'm / 't

Verbonden en gereduceerde spraak: 'r / ie / 'm / 't


Bij verbonden en gereduceerde spraak worden woorden samengevoegd of ingekort, zoals 'r, ie, 'm, 't.

(In linked and reduced speech, words are combined or shortened, such as 'r, ie, 'm, 't.)

When and why Dutch uses connected forms

'r, 'm, 't and ie are connected (contracted) pronouns.

  • They are typical in informal spoken Dutch (conversation, calls, quick remarks).
  • In careful writing (emails, reports) you usually choose the full form: er/haar, hem, het, die.
  • They help Dutch sound more natural and fluent: fewer stressed syllables.

Quick matching (what it replaces)

Connected form Full form Meaning (EN)
'm hem him
't het it / the
'r er / haar there / it / her (depends on context)
ie die that one

How to choose the right connected form (step-by-step)

  1. Find the pronoun in the full sentence.

    • hem → 'm
    • het → 't
    • die → ie
    • er/haar → 'r
  2. Check meaning quickly: person? thing? place? pointing?

    • 'm = a male person/animal (hem).
    • 't = a thing/idea or “the” (het).
    • ie = “that one” you point at (die).
    • 'r = often “from there / to it / with it” (er) or “her” (haar).
  3. Say it out loud. If it flows, it’s probably the right choice.

Core patterns you’ll hear a lot

  • 'm as an object pronoun (very common)

    Ik heb 'm net gebeld. (I just called him.)

  • 't before a noun = het + noun

    Kun je 't contract vandaag tekenen? (Can you sign the contract today?)

  • ie after daar in “presenting” sentences

    Daar is ie dan, de aanbieding. (There it is, the offer.)

  • 'r in combinations like van, bij, naar (spoken, fast)

    Ik kom 'r net vandaan. (I just came from there.)

    Je moet 'r een duidelijke belofte bij geven. (You really have to add a clear promise to it.)

Common mistakes (and how to avoid them)

  • Mixing up meaning: 'm is only hem (him), not a thing.

    We hebben 'm al besproken.We hebben 't al besproken.

  • Forgetting the apostrophe: write 't, not t.

    We hebben t tarief al afgesproken.We hebben 't tarief al afgesproken.

  • Using connected forms in formal writing: keep them for speech.

    Spoken: We hebben 't al besproken.
    Written email: We hebben het al besproken.

Self-check: do you really understand it?

  • If you can replace the form with hem → choose 'm.

  • If you can replace the form with het → choose 't.

  • If you can replace the form with die (= “that one”) → choose ie.

  • If the full form would be er (“there/it” in a fixed combo like ervan, erbij, ernaartoe) or haar (“her”) → choose 'r and let the context guide you.

  1. Linked forms such as 'r, ie, 'm, 't are typical of informal spoken language.
Verbonden vorm (Linked form)Volledige vorm (Full form)Voorbeeld (Example)
'rer/haar (there/her)Ik kom 'r net vandaan. (I just came from there.)
'mhem (him)Ik heb 'm niet gezien. (I didn’t see him.)
'thet (it / the)We hebben 't al besproken. (We’ve already discussed it.)
iedie (that one / he)Daar is ie dan, de kans die we nodig hadden. (There he is, the opportunity we needed.)

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

Instruction: Choose the correct answer

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1. Ik heb ____ net gebeld, maar hij wil niet meegaan in onze prijs.

I just called ____ , but he doesn't want to go along with our price.

2. We hebben ____ al besproken: die korting hangt af van het aantal stuks.

We've already discussed ____ : that discount depends on the number of units.

3. Daar is ____ dan, de aanbieding waarop u azen had.

There is ____ , the offer you were after.

4. Als je aandringt op een lagere prijs, moet je ____ wel een duidelijke belofte bij geven.

If you insist on a lower price, you really have to add ____ a clear promise to it.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the phrases

Instruction: Rewrite the sentences in informal, spoken language by replacing er/haar, hem, het or die with the contracted forms ('r, 'm, 't, ie).

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

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  1. Ik heb hem gisteren nog gebeld, maar hij nam niet op.
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Ik heb 'm gisteren nog gebeld, maar hij nam niet op.
    (I called 'm again yesterday, but he didn’t answer.)
  2. We hebben het al in de vergadering besproken.
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    We hebben 't al in de vergadering besproken.
    (We have already discussed 't in the meeting.)
  3. Ik kom er net vandaan, want ik had daar een afspraak.
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Ik kom 'r net vandaan, want ik had daar een afspraak.
    (I just came from 'r, because I had an appointment there.)
  4. Daar is die, de e-mail die je nodig hebt voor de aanvraag.
    ⇒ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example
    Daar is ie, de e-mail die je nodig hebt voor de aanvraag.
    (There it is, the email you need for the application.)

Exercise 3: Multiple Choice

Instruction: Choose the sentence with the correct contracted form ('r, 'm, 't, ie).

Fetching your corrections... Please don't close this page yet.

1.
Wrong in this exercise: in informal spoken language and in negotiations, people often say 'm instead of hem; the aim is to recognize the contracted form.
2.
Wrong: the contracted form of "het" is written with an apostrophe: 't; without an apostrophe is incorrect for this exercise.

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Yoni De Ketelaere

Bachelor in International Business Management

HOGENT

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Belgium


Last Updated:

Tuesday, 23/06/2026 21:57